Gutunganya batiri y'uburoso: Kongera igihe cyo kubaho no gukora neza

Imashini zica ubwatsi zikoresha amashanyarazi zagiye zikundwa cyane kubera uburyo bworoshye, imikorere myiza, n'inyungu zo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Ariko, kugira ngo imashini yawe ikoresha amashanyarazi ikomeze kuba yizewe kandi ikora neza uko igihe kigenda gihita, kubungabunga batiri neza ni ingenzi. Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, turasuzuma inama z'ingenzi n'uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga batiri y'imashini yawe ica ubwatsi, bikagufasha kongera igihe cyo kubaho no kubona umusaruro mwinshi mu ishoramari ryawe.

Inyinshi imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi zo guca ubwatsi Koresha bateri za lead - aside cyangwa bateri za lithium - ion. Buri bwoko bufite imiterere yabwo n'ibisabwa mu kubungabunga:

Bateri za aside zikoreshwa mu gucana amashanyarazi ni amahitamo gakondo ku mashini nyinshi zikoresha amashanyarazi. Muri rusange zirahendutse ariko zikenera kwitabwaho cyane. Izi bateri zikunze kwanduzwa n’amazi, aho kristu za sulfate zikora ku masahani ya bateri, bigatuma ubushobozi n’imikorere bigabanuka.

Bateri za Lithium-ion zigezweho kandi zitanga ibyiza byinshi, harimo ingufu nyinshi, uburemere bworoshye, no kuramba. Ariko, zishobora kuba zihenze cyane mbere. Bateri za Lithium-ion ntizikunze kwangirika cyane kandi muri rusange zikenera gusanwa bike ugereranyije na bateri za lead-acid.

Bateri za Lead - Acide: Izi bateri zigomba kugumana umuriro wuzuye uko bishoboka kose. Irinde ko ziguma mu mwanya wazo mu gihe kirekire, kuko bishobora gutera sulfure. Zishyiremo umuriro nyuma ya buri gihe cyo kuzikoresha na mbere yo kuzibika mu gihe cy'itumba.

Bateri za Lithium-IonNubwo bateri za lithium-ion zirushaho kuba nziza, ni byiza kuzishyuza buri gihe. Irinde ko zisohoka burundu, kuko bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho kwazo muri rusange. Bateri nyinshi za lithium-ion zigezweho zifite uburyo bwo kuzirinda kugira ngo zikumire gusohora cyane, ariko ni byiza kuzishyuza igihe urugero rwa bateri rugabanutse kugera kuri 20% - 30%.

Bateri za Lead - Acide: Bika ahantu hakonje kandi humutse, byaba byiza hagati ya 50°F na 80°F (10°C - 27°C). Irinde ubushyuhe bukabije, kuko bishobora kwihutisha sulfure no kugabanya igihe bateri imara. Niba utuye ahantu hakonje, tekereza kuzana bateri mu nzu mu gihe cy'itumba.

Bateri za Lithium-Ion: Izi bateri kandi zigira akamaro ko kubikwa ahantu hakonje kandi humutse. Irinde kuzishyira ku zuba ryinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Bateri za Lithium-ion zigomba kubikwa zifite charge igice, hafi 50% - 70%, kugira ngo zikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Suzuma buri gihe bateri yawe niba hari ibimenyetso by'ubushye, kwangirika, cyangwa kubyimba. Sukura aho bateri iherereye ukoresheje uruvange rwa baking soda n'amazi kugira ngo ukureho ikintu cyose cyangiritse. Ku bateri za aside y'icuma, reba urugero rwa electrolyte hanyuma wongereho amazi yaciwe nibiba ngombwa.

Gukoresha ibyawe imashini ikata ubwatsi Igihe kirekire cyangwa mu mirimo ikomeye - bishobora gutuma bateri isohoka vuba kandi bigatera imbaraga uturemangingo twa bateri. Gerageza gutema mu gihe gito kandi wirinde ko icyuma gikata ibyatsi byinshi cyangwa imyanda ikoreshwa cyane.

Koresha charger isabwa n'uwakoze charger. Gukoresha charger idahuye bishobora kwangiza bateri no kugabanya igihe cyo kuyimara. Kuri bateri za lithium-ion, irinde gukoresha charger zihuta keretse iyo byavuzwe n'uwakoze charger, kuko zishobora gutera ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwangiza bateri.

Bateri zombi za lisansi - aside na lithium - iyoni zirashobora kwitabwaho n'ubushyuhe bukabije. Irinde gukoresha cyangwa gushyushya icyuma cyawe cyo kogosha ubwatsi mu bushyuhe buri munsi y'ubukonje cyangwa hejuru ya 40°C. Niba ugomba gukoresha icyuma cyo kogosha mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe, reka bateri ikonje mbere yo kongera kuyishyushya.

Bateri zikora neza iyo zikoreshejwe buri gihe. Irinde ko imashini yawe yo guca ubwatsi igumaho igihe kirekire idakora. Niba udakeneye guca ubwatsi kenshi, tekereza gukoresha imashini yo guca ubwatsi mu mirimo yoroshye nko guca impande kugira ngo bateri ikomeze gukora.

Niba imashini ikata ubwatsi ikoresha bateri ya lithiamu-ion, ikoresha sisitemu zose zubatswemo zo gucunga bateri (BMS). Izi sisitemu zigenzura kandi zigahuza uturemangingo twa bateri, zigatuma imikorere myiza n'igihe kirekire. Kurikiza amabwiriza y'uwakoze iyo porogaramu yo gukoresha no kubungabunga BMS.

Kubungabunga batiri neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo wongere igihe cyo kubaho no gukora neza k'umashini yawe ikata ubwatsi ikoresheje amashanyarazi. Waba ufite batiri ifite aside cyangwa lithium, gukurikiza izi nama bishobora kugufasha kubona umusaruro mwiza mu ishoramari ryawe. Gushyira umuriro mu buryo buhoraho, kubika neza, gusukura, no gukoresha charger ikwiye byose ni ibintu by'ingenzi mu kubungabunga ubuzima bwa batiri.