Kodi zida zofunika kwa ogwira ntchito zamagetsi ndi ziti? Ikani buku la malangizo pambali

Mu nthawi ino yomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi, ntchito iliyonse ya ogwira ntchito zamagetsi imakhudzana ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa mabanja ambiri komanso momwe mabizinesi amagwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ogwira ntchito zamagetsi amvetsetse momwe zida zamagetsi zimagwirira ntchito.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zamagetsi, chilichonse chili ndi ntchito zake zapadera komanso zofunikira pa ntchito. Kuyambira ma screwdriver osavuta, ma pliers, mpaka ma multimeter ovuta, ma oscilloscopes, chida chilichonse chimafuna ogwira ntchito zamagetsi kuti adziwe bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kwake. Izi ndi chiyambi chatsatanetsatane cha mitundu 5 ya zida zofunika kwa akatswiri amagetsi komanso njira zodzitetezera ku ntchito.

magilasikopo
Electroscope imadziwikanso kuti cholembera choyesera, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti cholembera, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ngati waya, zida zamagetsi ndi zida zamagetsi ndi chida. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a gulu, cholembera choyezera chili ndi mitundu iwiri ya cholembera ndi screwdriver. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi komwe kumayesedwa, pali mitundu iwiri ya magetsi otsika ndi magetsi okwera.
01 Kugwiritsa ntchito ma electroscope otsika mphamvu
① Gwirani cholembera bwino, ndipo pangani zenera laling'ono la chubu cha neon kuti liwonekere bwino.
② Pofuna kupewa kuti chitsulo cha nsonga ya cholembera chisakhudze dzanja, ndodo yachitsulo ya cholembera choyesera cha screw drive iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chivundikiro choteteza, ndipo gawo lokhalo la mpeni ndilo lotsala kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito poyesa.
③ Choyesera sichingakhale chonyowa, sichingachotsedwe nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna kapena kugwedezeka kwambiri.
④ nthawi zambiri ayenera kuyesedwa pa thupi lamoyo kuti awone ngati lili bwino. Mapensulo oyesera osadalirika saloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
⑤ Pakuwunika, ngati waya wachitsulo mu chubu cha neon ndi wowala umodzi, ndiye kuti ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yolunjika; Ngati zonse zikuwala, ndiye kuti ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yosinthira.

02 Kugwiritsa ntchito ma electroscope amphamvu kwambiri
Akagwiritsidwa ntchito, anthu awiri ayenera kugwira ntchito, mmodzi wa iwo amagwira ntchito, ndipo winayo akuyang'aniridwa.
② Ikakhala panja, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo a dzuwa.
③ Ogwira ntchito yowunikira magetsi ayenera kuvala magolovesi oteteza kutentha omwe akukwaniritsa zofunikira, ndipo chogwiriracho chiyenera kukhala cholondola.
④ iyenera kuyesedwa pa thupi lamoyo musanagwiritse ntchito kuti muwone ngati lili bwino. Magetsi amphamvu ayenera kuyesedwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kuti atsimikizire kuti ndi otetezeka.

Mpeni wa wamagetsi
Mpeni wamagetsi umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula waya wa waya, kudula nsonga ya tebulo ya matabwa, kudula pilo yamatabwa zida zapadera, pali chimodzi (chachikulu), cha ntchito ziwiri ndi cha ntchito zambiri. Mpeni wamagetsi wa ntchito zambiri umapangidwa ndi tsamba, tsamba la macheka, kubowola, ndi zina zotero. Tsambali limagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula gawo loteteza waya, tsamba la macheka limagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula mbale ya waya ndi matabwa ozungulira a pilo, ndipo kubowola kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kubowola dzenje la bolodi.
Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito
① Chogwirira cha mpeni wamagetsi chilibe chitetezo choteteza kutentha, ndipo sichingadulidwe pa mawaya amoyo kapena zida kuti chisagwedezeke ndi magetsi.
② Mpeni wa katswiri wamagetsi uyenera kutsegulidwa musanagwiritse ntchito koyamba.
③ Mpeni wa katswiri wamagetsi saloledwa kusintha nyundo pomenya.
④ Nsonga ya mpeni wamagetsi ndiyo gawo lofunikira pa ntchito yodula, yomwe iyenera kupewa kukanda kapena kukhudza gawo lolimba, m'mphepete mwa mpeni muyenera kukhala wakuthwa, ndipo mpeniwo uyenera kukonzedwa ndi mwala wamafuta.
⑤ Mpeni wa katswiri wamagetsi ukagwiritsidwa ntchito, thupi la mpeni liyenera kupindika m'chogwirira nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mpeni wa katswiri wamagetsi womwe sunapike m'chogwirira suyenera kuperekedwa.

Zipangizo zamagetsi
Zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi akatswiri amagetsi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo: zodulira mawaya, zopukutira mphuno ya singano, zopukutira zopingasa, zopukutira mawaya, zopukutira mawaya, ndi zina zotero.
01 Zodulira waya
Chogwirira cha mawaya amagetsi chimakutidwa ndi chotchingira (kupanikizika 500 V), ndipo kufotokozera kwake kumafotokozedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mamilimita a kutalika konse kwa mawaya, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu 150,175,200mm. Musanagwiritse ntchito, yang'anani ngati chotchingira cha mawaya chili bwino, kuti mupewe ngozi zamagetsi panthawi yogwira ntchito. Mukadula mawaya ndi magetsi, mpeni suyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudula mawaya awiri okhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi, kuti mupewe ngozi zafupikitsa nthawi.

02 Zopukutira mphuno za singano
Mutu wa zopukutira mphuno za singano ndi "wolunjika", mofanana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zodulira waya, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo opapatiza ogwirira ntchito ndipo zimatha kugwira zomangira zazing'ono, zotsukira, mawaya ndi zida zamagetsi. Mukayika chingwe chowongolera, zopukutira mphuno za singano zimatha kupindika chingwe chimodzi cha waya kupita ku terminal, ndipo zopukutira mphuno za singano zokhala ndi m'mphepete mwa mpeni zimathanso kudula waya ndikugwiritsa ntchito gawo loteteza.

03 Zipangizo zolumikizirana
Mutu wopingasa ndi "flat oblique", kotero umatchedwanso zodulira waya, flat nose pliers kapena zodulira waya, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kudula mawaya achitsulo okhuthala, mawaya ndi mawaya, zingwe, ndi zina zotero. Chogwirira chake chimagawidwa m'zigawo ziwiri: chogwirira chachitsulo, chogwirira chapaipi ndi chogwirira choteteza, ndipo mphamvu ya chogwirira choteteza ndi 1000V.

04 Chotsukira chingwe
Zipangizo zochotsera mawaya ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa waya wocheperako woteteza mawaya ang'onoang'ono. Gawo lothandizira limaperekedwa ndi m'mbali zingapo zodulira kuti lichotse waya woteteza mawaya osiyanasiyana. Chogwiriracho chimatetezedwa ndipo chili ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya 500V.

05 Zopukutira zopindika
Zipangizo zomangira mawaya ndi zida zodziwika bwino zolumikizira mawaya ndi malekezero. Kulumikizana kwamagetsi ndi zomangira ndikosavuta kumanga, kumakhala kolimba komanso kodalirika. Sankhani makulidwe osiyanasiyana a zomangira malinga ndi dera la waya womangira ndi chomangira chomangira.

multimeter
01 Makina ambiri a digito
Multimeter ya digito ili ndi magawo atatu: chosinthira chogwira ntchito, chosinthira chosinthira ndi voltmeter ya digito ya DC. Voltmeter ya digito ya Dc ndiye gawo lalikulu la multimeter ya digito, mitundu yonse ya mphamvu kapena muyeso wa magawo, choyamba kudzera mu chosinthira chogwirizana, voltmeter ya digito ya DC ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala voltage ya DC yovomerezeka, kenako mu voltmeter ya digito ya DC, ndi chosinthira cha analog/digito chomwe chimasinthidwa kukhala kuchuluka kwa digito, kenako ndi kuwerengera kwa counter ndipo manambala a decimal adzayesedwa ndikuwonetsedwa.

Chenjezo pakugwiritsa ntchito multimeter ya digito
Musanagwiritse ntchito multimeter, muyenera:
① Ikani cholembera mu jeke ya cholembera ngati pakufunika.
② Sinthani switch yosankha kukhala chinthu chogwirizana ndi range.
Mukamaliza kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter, muyenera:
① Tulutsani chizindikirocho.
② Tembenuzani swichi yosankha kukhala "YOZIMISA". Ngati palibe swichi yotere, itembenuzeni kufika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa AC voltage.
③ Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, batire iyenera kuchotsedwa patebulo kuti batire isatuluke ndi dzimbiri la electrolyte komanso kuti isamawonongeke ndi magetsi amkati.

02 Cholozera chowonjezera
Choyezera cholozera ndi mtundu wa chida choyezera cha ntchito zambiri komanso chamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Choyezera chofala kwambiri chimatha kuyeza mphamvu ya DC, mphamvu ya DC, mphamvu ya AC, mphamvu ya AC, mphamvu ya kukana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, ndipo china chimatha kuyeza mphamvu ya AC, mphamvu ya capacitance, inductance ndi magawo ena a semiconductors.
Chenjezo pakugwiritsa ntchito choyezera multimeter Musanagwiritse ntchito choyezera multimeter, onetsetsani kuti:
① Ikani multimeter mopingasa.
② Onetsetsani ngati dzanja loyimbira layima pa zero kumapeto kwa choyimbiracho. Ngati pali kupotoka, gwiritsani ntchito screwdriver yaying'ono kuti mutembenuze pang'onopang'ono chogwirira chosinthira zero cha makina pamutu wa wotchi kuti chala cha wotchi chikhale zero.
③ Ikani cholembera mu jeke ya cholembera ngati pakufunika.
④ Sinthani switch yosankha kukhala chinthu chogwirizana ndi range.
Mukamaliza kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter, muyenera:
① Tulutsani chizindikirocho.
② Tembenuzani swichi yosankha kukhala "YOZIMISA". Ngati palibe swichi yotere, itembenuzeni kufika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa AC voltage.
③ Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, batire iyenera kuchotsedwa patebulo kuti batire isatuluke ndi dzimbiri la electrolyte komanso kuti isamawonongeke ndi magetsi amkati.

Woyendetsa screw
Skuruvulu ndi chida chapadera chomangirira kapena kuchotsa zomangira, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zozungulira komanso zopingasa.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito
① Ulusi wa screw wamba ndi ulusi wabwino, wozungulira wotchi walowetsedwa mkati, wozungulira wozungulira wotchi wachotsedwa.
② Ndodo yachitsulo ya screwdriver iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chubu chotetezera kutentha kuti isawonongeke ndi ngozi zamagetsi.
Kukhuthala kwa mutu wa screwdriver kuyenera kufanana ndi mawonekedwe a malo olowera mchira wa screw, kotero kuti makulidwe a mutuwo amangoikidwa m'malo olowera pa nati, apo ayi zimakhala zosavuta kuwononga malo olowera.