What are the necessary tools for electrical workers? Put away this instruction manual

In this era of high dependence on electricity, every operation of power workers is related to the daily life of thousands of households and the normal operation of enterprises. Therefore, it is very important for power workers to understand the operation of power tools.
There are a wide variety of power tools, each with its own unique uses and operational requirements. From simple screwdrivers, pliers, to complex multimeters, oscilloscopes, each tool requires power workers to master its use. The following is a detailed introduction to the 5 types of tools necessary for electricians and operation precautions.

electroscope
Electroscope is also known as the test pen, commonly known as the pen, it is used to detect whether the wire, electrical appliances and electrical equipment metal shell is a tool. According to the shape of the classification, the measuring pen has two kinds of pen and screwdriver. According to the measurement voltage level is classified, there are low voltage electroscope and high voltage electroscope two kinds.
01 The use of low voltage electroscope
① Hold the pen properly, and make the small window of the neon tube backlight towards yourself for easy observation.
② In order to prevent the metal body of the pen tip from touching the hand, the metal rod of the screw drive test pen must be covered with an insulating sleeve, and only the knife-edge part is left for test needs.
③ The tester can not be damp, can not be disassembled at will or subjected to serious vibration.
④ should often be tested on the live body to check whether it is in good condition. Unreliable test pens are not allowed to be used.
⑤ During inspection, if the metal wire in the neon tube is single luminous, it is direct current; If both are glowing, it is alternating current.

02 The use of high voltage electroscope
When used, two people should operate, one of them operates, and the other person is monitored.
② When outdoors, it must be used in sunny conditions.
③ The personnel who carry out the electrical inspection operation should wear the insulation gloves that meet the requirements, and the grip should be correct.
④ should be tested on the live body before use to check whether it is in good condition. High voltage electroscope should be tested every six months to ensure safety.

Electrician's knife
Electrical knife is used to cut wire wire, cutting wood table notch, cutting wood pillow special tools, there are one (ordinary), dual-purpose and multi-purpose three. The multi-purpose electrical knife is composed of a blade, saw blade, drill, etc. The blade is used to cut the insulation layer of the wire, the saw blade is used to cut the wire slot plate and the round cushion wood, and the drill is used to drill the hole of the board.
Precautions for use
① The handle of the electrician's knife is without insulation protection, and can not be cut on live wires or equipment to avoid electric shock.
② The electrician's knife should be opened before the first use.
③ The electrician's knife is not allowed to replace the hammer for striking.
④ The tip of the electrician's knife is the necessary part of the cutting operation, which should avoid scratching or touching on the hard part, the knife edge should be kept sharp, and the knife should be sharpened with oil stone.
⑤ After the electrician's knife is used, the knife body should be folded into the handle immediately, and the electrician's knife that is not folded into the handle should not be passed on.

Electrician's pliers
The pliers commonly used by electricians generally include: wire cutters, needle nose pliers, diagonal pliers, wire strippers, crimping pliers, etc.
01 Wire cutters
The handle of the electrical wire cutters is covered with an insulating sleeve (pressure 500 V), and its specifications are expressed by the number of millimeters of the total length of the wire cutters, which are commonly used in 150,175,200mm. Before use, check whether the insulation of the wire cutters is good, so as to avoid electric shock accidents during live work. When cutting wires with electricity, the knife edge should not be used to cut two wires with different potentials at the same time, so as to avoid short circuit accidents.

02 Needle nose pliers
The head of the needle nose pliers is "pointed", similar to the use of wire cutters, which is characterized by being suitable for operation in a narrow working space and can grip smaller screws, washers, wires and electrical components. When installing the control line, the needle nose pliers can bend a single strand of wire into a terminal, and the needle nose pliers with a knife edge can also cut the wire and exploit the insulation layer.

03 Diagonal pliers
The diagonal head is "flat oblique", so it is also called wire cutters, flat nose pliers or wire cutters, which are specially used for cutting thick metal wires, wires and wires, cables, etc. Its handle is divided into iron handle, pipe handle and insulated handle, and the pressure of the insulated handle is 1000V.

04 Cable stripper
Wire strippers are special tools used to strip the insulation layer of small diameter wires. The clamp part is provided with several cutting edges to peel off the wire insulation layer of different wire diameters. The handle is insulated and has a voltage of 500V.

05 Crimping pliers
Crimping pliers are common tools for connecting wires and ends. The electric connection with crimping is convenient for construction, small contact resistance, firm and reliable. Select different sizes of crimping pliers according to the cross-sectional area of crimping wire and crimping sleeve.

multimeter
01 Digital multimeter
The digital multimeter consists of three parts: functional converter, transfer switch and DC digital voltmeter. Dc digital voltmeter is the core part of digital multimeter, all kinds of power or parameter measurement, are first through the corresponding converter, the DC digital voltmeter can be converted into DC voltage acceptable, and then into the DC digital voltmeter, by the analog/digital converter converted into a digital quantity, and then by the counter count and decimal digits will be measured and displayed.

Precautions for using digital multimeter
Before using a multimeter, you should:
① Insert the pen into the pen jack as required.
② Turn the selection switch to the corresponding item and range.
After using the multimeter, you should:
① Pull out the marker.
② Turn the selector switch to "OFF". If no such switch is available, turn it to the maximum AC voltage range.
③ If not used for a long time, the battery should be removed from the table to prevent the battery electrolyte leakage and corrosion of the internal circuit.

02 Pointer multimeter
The pointer multimeter is a kind of multi-function and multi-range measuring instrument. General multimeter can measure DC current, DC voltage, AC current, AC voltage, resistance and audio electrical equality, and some can also measure AC current, capacitance, inductance and some parameters of semiconductors.
Precautions for using a pointer multimeter Before using a multimeter, ensure that:
① Place the multimeter horizontally.
② Check whether the dial hand is stopped at zero on the left end of the dial. If there is a deviation, use a small screwdriver to gently turn the mechanical zero adjustment knob on the watch head to make the watch finger zero.
③ Insert the pen into the pen jack as required.
④ Turn the selection switch to the corresponding item and range.
After using the multimeter, you should:
① Pull out the marker.
② Turn the selector switch to "OFF". If no such switch is available, turn it to the maximum AC voltage range.
③ If not used for a long time, the battery should be removed from the table to prevent the battery electrolyte leakage and corrosion of the internal circuit.

Screw driver
Screw screwdriver is a special tool for fastening or removing screws, usually in a zigzag and cross shape.
Usage method
① The thread of the general screw is positive thread, clockwise is screwed in, counterclockwise is screwed out.
② The metal rod of the screwdriver should be covered with an insulating tube to avoid electric shock accidents.
The thickness of the head of the screw screwdriver should be matched with the shape of the slot of the tail of the screw, so that the thickness of the head is just stuck into the slot on the nut, otherwise it is easy to damage the screw slot.