Itekhnoloji yokulawula i-torque kunye nokuphuculwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezikrufula-zikhwebu zombane

Itekhnoloji yoLawulo lweeTorque kunye noPhuculo oluchanekileyo kwiiSkruf zoMbane

1. Imigaqo yeTekhnoloji ePhambili yoLawulo lweTorque: Ukusuka kuLungiso lweMechanical ukuya kuLawulo oluQinisekileyo lweLoop Closed-Loop

2. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela ukuchaneka: Iinzwa, Inkqubo yoThumelo, kunye neModyuli yoLawulo

3. Iindlela ezine zobuchwepheshe zokuphucula ukuchaneka: Impendulo eguquguqukayo, uLawulo oluzinzileyo, uhlengahlengiso lomthwalo, kunye nembuyekezo yokusingqongileyo

4. Imigangatho yoBuchule beTorque eyamkelweyo kwihlabathi liphela kunye neenkcukacha zovavanyo

5. Izisombululo zoLungiso loLawulo lweeTorque ezikwiZimo ezininzi: Ukuhlanganiswa kweMizi-mveliso kunye neMisebenzi yobungcali

I. Imigaqo yeTekhnoloji ePhambili yoLawulo lweTorque: Ukusuka kuLungiso lweMechanical ukuya kuLawulo oluQinisekileyo lweLoop Closed-Loop

Itekhnoloji yokulawula i-torque izikrufula zombane iguqukele ekubeni yindlela yokulungisa oomatshini yendabuko ukuya kwinkqubo yolawulo olukrelekrele olunemilinganiselo emininzi. Ingqiqo yayo ephambili kukufikelela kulawulo oluchanekileyo ngendlela evaliweyo "yokufaka umyalelo - ukujonga ngexesha langempela - ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo."

1. Ulawulo oluSisiseko lweMishini
Ulawulo lwe-torque lwasekuqaleni lwaluxhomekeke kwisenzo somzimba se-clutch kunye ne-torsion spring: xa i-output torque ifikelela kumda omiselweyo, i-spring iyacinezelwa, ibangele ukuba i-clutch ityibilike kwaye inqumle udluliselo lwamandla ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqithisa. Le ndlela ilula ngokwesakhiwo kwaye ifanelekile kwizixhobo zokuqala, kodwa ukuchaneka kwayo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kukudinwa kwe-spring, apho ukuphambuka kudla ngokudlula ±10%.

2. Ukuphuculwa koLawulo lwe-elektroniki Izixhobo zanamhlanje zisebenzisa kakhulu iteknoloji yolawulo lwe-elektroniki, eyona nto iphambili kuzo iquka: Ulawulo lokuqonda ngoku: Ukubeka esweni utshintsho kumandla ombane wemoto ukuze kuchongwe i-torque yomthwalo; ukunciphisa isantya ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukucima amandla xa kufikelelwa kumda, kunye nexesha lokuphendula elimalunga ne-50ms; Ukuguqulwa kobubanzi be-PWM pulse: Ukufezekisa ulawulo lwesantya olungenasinyathelo lwe-torque ngokulungelelanisa umjikelo womsebenzi we-voltage pulse, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwe-steady-state ukuya ngaphakathi kwe-±5%; Iteknoloji yokulawula iVector: Ukudibanisa umsinga wokukhupha umoya (i-d-axis) kunye nomsinga we-torque (i-q-axis) wemoto ye-AC ngokusebenzisa utshintsho lwe-Clark/Park coordinate, ukufikelela kulawulo oluzimeleyo noluchanekileyo, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphendula eliguqukayo ukuya kwi-10-50ms.

3. Ulawulo oluQinisekileyo oluValiweyo
Iimodeli ezikumgangatho ophezulu zidibanisa izinzwa ze-torque kunye nee-algorithms ze-AI ukwenza iluphu epheleleyo evaliweyo:
Ingxelo yexesha langempela: Intloko yescrewdriver ine-sensor eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-strain gauge ethatha iisampulu ezingaphezu kwe-1000 ngomzuzwana, ibamba utshintsho lwe-torque ngokuguquguqukayo;
Ukulungiswa kwe-Algorithm: Ngokusebenzisa ummiselo we-PID kunye nomjongi wokuphazamiseka komthwalo, utshintsho lomthwalo luqikelelwa kwaye luhlawulwa kwangaphambili, ukufikelela ekuchanekeni kokuphindaphinda kwe-±0.01mm;
Useto lweDijithali: Ixabiso le-torque ekujoliswe kuyo (iyunithi ekhethiweyo i-N·m okanye i-in-lb) inokufakwa ngokuthe ngqo kwisikrini se-LCD, ixhasa ukulungiswa kakuhle ngokwanda kwe-0.01 N·m.

II. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela ukuchaneka: Iinzwa, Inkqubo yoThumelo, kunye neModyuli yoLawulo

Ukufezekisa ukuchaneka kwe-torque kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni kakuhle kwezi zinto zintathu ziphambili. Ukuphambuka kuyo nayiphi na i-环节 kuya kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokuchaneka:

1. I-Torque Sensor: Eyona Nto Iphambili Yokubona Ukuchaneka
Ukukhetha Uhlobo: Izinzwa ze-Strain gauge zibonelela ngovakalelo oluphezulu (ukuchaneka ± 0.1% FS), zifanelekile kwizixhobo zoshishino; izinzwa ze-magnetostrictive zinamandla amakhulu okulwa nokuphazamiseka kwaye zifanelekile kwiindawo ezinzima;
Iiparameters eziphambili: Ukulinganisa uluhlu kufuneka kulandele umgaqo othi "uluhlu oluphindwe kathathu kumaxabiso angaphantsi kwe-1 N·m, uluhlu oluphindwe kahlanu kumaxabiso angaphezulu kwe-1 N·m" ukuze kuthintelwe ukuguquka kweplastiki yomzimba othambileyo;
Ukucubungula iSignali: I-ADC ye-24-bit ephezulu echanekileyo (i-Analog-to-Digital Converter) edityaniswe nokucoca i-FPGA inokunciphisa ingxolo ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-0.05% FS, ibamba utshintsho lwe-torque yomzuzu.

2. Inkqubo yoThumelo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka koThumelo lweTorque
Uyilo lweGearbox: Ukuphucula umlinganiselo wegiya (umlinganiselo wegiya = inani lamazinyo kwigiya yemoto / inani lamazinyo kwigiya enkulu × umlinganiselo wegiya yangaphakathi) ekufanisweni kwegiya enamanqanaba amaninzi kunciphisa ukuvuleka kwe-meshing. Isisombululo esinye sinciphise impazamo yokudluliselwa ukusuka kwi-0.3° ukuya kwi-0.05° ngokuphucula ukuchaneka kwegiya.
Ukuphucula iClutch: Ukutshintsha iipleyiti zesinyithi zemveli ngeepleyiti zokungqubana zeseramikhi kuphucula ukumelana nokuguguleka; izinga lokuncitshiswa kwe-torque ≤2% emva kwemijikelo eli-1000.
Ulungelelwaniso lweShaft: Ulungelelwaniso lweLaser luqinisekisa ukuphambuka kwe-radial/axial/angular ≤0.05mm, kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka kwe-torque okubangelwa ziimpazamo zokufakelwa.

3. Imodyuli yoLawulo: Ihabhu yoLawulo oluBukrelekrele
Ukukhethwa kweChip: Iprosesa ye-ARM ye-32-bit enesantya sokucubungula ≥100MHz, exhasa ii-algorithms zolawulo lwevektha ezintsonkothileyo;
Ulawulo lwaMandla: Ukufakwa kwe-voltage ebanzi (100-240V AC) enesekethe yokulawula i-voltage, ukuphambuka kwe-torque ≤±0.5% xa ukuguquguquka kwe-voltage ku-±10%;
Ukuhambelana kwe-Electromagnetic: Iyahambelana nomgangatho we-EN 55014-1, ikhusela ukuphazamiseka kwemoto kwaye iqinisekisa imiqondiso ye-sensor ezinzileyo.

III. Iindlela ezine zobugcisa zokuphucula ukuchaneka: Impendulo eguquguqukayo, uLawulo oluzinzileyo, uhlengahlengiso lomthwalo, kunye nembuyekezo yokusingqongileyo

Ngokusebenzisa ukwenziwa ngcono kobuchwephesha ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, ukuchaneka kolawulo lwe-torque kunokuphuculwa ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kumacala amane:

1. Ukuphucula Impendulo Eguqukayo: Ukunciphisa Impazamo yeHysteresis
I-Torque ezimeleyo kunye noLungiso lwangoku: Ulawulo lweVector lulawula ngokuthe ngqo umsinga we-q-axis, lunciphisa ixesha lokuphendula eliguqukayo ukusuka kwi-100-200ms kulawulo lwendabuko lwe-V/F ukuya kwi-10-50ms, kunye nezixhobo zenqanaba le-servo ezifikelela kwi-Icebo Lokulayisha Kwangaphambili: Kwiimeko zokuma kokuqala rhoqo, umsinga wokuqala ufakwa kwangaphambili, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokwakheka kwe-torque yokuqalisa ngama-60%.

2. Ulawulo oluQinisekileyo oluphuculweyo: Ukuthintela ukuphambuka kokuguquguquka
Ulawulo lwe-Dual Closed-Loop PI: I-Speed ​​​​loop + i-current loop zisebenza kunye, nokuba umthwalo uyanda ukusuka kwi-5N·m ukuya kwi-8N·m, ukuguquguquka kwesantya kusalawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-±5rpm (isantya esilinganisiweyo se-1000rpm);
I-Torque Pulse Compensation: Le algorithm iqikelela i-cogging torque kwaye ilungisa umsinga kwicala elichaseneyo ukuze kurhoxiswe i-pulsation, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kungabikho jitter kwisantya esiphantsi (0.5rpm).

3. Ukuphuculwa koLungiso loMthwalo: Ukusingatha iiMeko zokusebenza eziNgxamisekileyo
* Umjongi wokuphazamiseka: Uqikelelo lwexesha langempela lwe-torque yomthwalo, imbuyekezo yangaphambi kwexesha yangoku ngexesha lotshintsho lomthwalo ngequbuliso ukuze kuthintelwe i-torque enganeleyo okanye ukudubula okugqithisileyo;
* Imo yokuZiqhelanisa: Ichonga ngokuzenzekelayo izinto zesikrufu (isinyithi/iplastiki/umthi) kwaye ilungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ijika le-torque ukuthintela ukuqina kakhulu okanye ukuqina kancinci.

4. Indlela yoMbuyekezo kwiNdalo: Ukunciphisa impembelelo yangaphandle
* Imbuyekezo yobushushu: I-thermistor ye-NTC eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo amaxabiso e-torque kwiindawo eziqala kwi--10℃ ukuya kwi-60℃, ngempazamo ≤±1%;
* Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo: Uvavanyo lokukhusela lwe-IP67 luvela eluthulini nakwizinto ezimanzi, lugcina uzinzo lwe-torque lungaphezulu kwe-98% kwi-85% ye-RH.

IV. Imigangatho yokuchaneka kweTorque eyamkelweyo kwihlabathi liphela kunye neenkcukacha zovavanyo

Imigangatho yokuqinisekiswa kwe-torque ye-screwdriver yombane kwimarike yehlabathi isekelwe kwi-EU standard EN 60745-1 kunye ne-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard 60745:

1. Iimfuno zokuChaneka okuPhambili

Ukuphambuka kweTorque engaguqukiyo: Ukuphambuka kwexabiso lokwenyani ukusuka kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo ≤ ±15% (inguqulelo ye-EN 60745-1:2023), izixhobo eziphezulu kufuneka zifikelele kwinqanaba eliphambili kushishino le-±8%;

Uzinzo lweTorque eDynamic: Emva kwemijikelo yokuqinisa elandelelanayo eyi-100, ukuncitshiswa kwetorque ≤ 5%;

Ukuphinda-phinda: Izixhobo zeServo-grade kufuneka zifikelele ku-±0.01~±0.05mm.

2. Inkqubo yoVavanyo oluQhelekileyo
* **Uvavanyo lokungalayishi:** Qinisekisa ukutshintshatshintsha kwesantya ≤ ±1% phantsi kweemeko zokungalayishi;
* **Uvavanyo loMthwalo weNyathelo:** Nyusa i-torque kancinci kancinci ukusuka kwi-20% ukuya kwi-120%, urekhoda amaxabiso okuguquguquka kwinqanaba ngalinye;
* **Uvavanyo lokunyamezela:** Lingisa imijikelo eli-100 yokusebenza okuqhubekayo ukuze ubone ukubola kwe-torque;
* **Uvavanyo lweNdalo:** Lwenziwa kwindawo eqhelekileyo engama-23±5℃ kunye nama-50%±10% RH ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka kobushushu.

3. Amanqaku abalulekileyo esiqinisekiso
* **Iisampulu zovavanyo mazikhethwe ngokungacwangciswanga kwiibhetshi zemveliso yobuninzi, zibonelele ngekhonkco elipheleleyo lokulandelela isiqinisekiso sokulinganisa;
* **Imfuneko entsha yokujonga idatha yeBluetooth ngexesha langempela, exhasa ukulandelelwa kwedatha ye-torque esekwe kwilifu (uhlaziyo lwe-EN 60745-1:2023);
* **Indawo ebiyelweyo mayiphawulwe ngophawu lwe-CE kunye nesilumkiso esithi "Ukusetyenziswa kobungcali kuphela".

** V. Isicwangciso soLungiselelo loLawulo lweeTorque eziNjineyo: Ukusetyenziswa okuSebenzayo kwiMizi-mveliso kunye nemisebenzi yobungcali

Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo zinemfuno ezahlukeneyo kakhulu zokuchaneka kwe-torque, nto leyo edinga ukulungiswa okujoliswe kuko ngokusekelwe kwi isixhobo iimpawu:

1. Imeko zeNdibano yeMizi-mveliso
Ukwenziwa kweeMoto: Iibholithi zentloko yesilinda yenjini zifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-20-30 N·m, zisebenzisa isisombululo solawulo lwevektha + isisombululo se-dual-sensor ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokutywina kunye nokuthintela ukuvuza kunye nokuguqulwa kweoyile;
Ukuhlanganiswa kweMveliso ye-elektroniki: Izikrufu ezincinci ze-M1.2 zifuna i-torque ephantsi ye-0.05-0.1 N·m, okuvumela imo "ye-torque ethambileyo" enciphisa isantya kancinci njengoko ixabiso elibekiweyo lisondela, ithintela umonakalo kwibhodi yesekethe;
Imigca yokuvelisa ezenzekelayo: Ukuzivumelanisa neenkqubo zolawulo lwe-PLC, ukuseta iiparameter ze-torque ekude kufezekiswa ngeprotocol yeModbus, kunye nokuchaneka kokuphindaphinda kwe-±0.03 mm.

2. Iimeko Zokusebenza Zobungcali
* Ukuhlanganiswa kwefenitshala: Kwizinto ze-MDF, kusetyenziswa i-torque eyi-0.3-0.8 N·m, kunye nokhuseleko lokugqithisa ukuthintela ukwaphuka kothuli lwesarha.
* Ukulungiswa kwezixhobo: Xa kuqhaqhwa izikrufu zekhava ye-air conditioner, kusetyenziswa imo ye-torque ephantsi ye-0.5-1.0 N·m ukuthintela ukukrazulwa.
* Imisebenzi Yokuphakama Okuphezulu: Iimodeli ezingenantambo zinomsebenzi wokutshixa i-torque, oqinisekisa ukuphambuka kwe-torque ≤ ±2% ngexesha lokusebenza ngesandla esinye, nto leyo ephucula ukhuseleko.

3. Ukuziqhelanisa neNdawo eziKhethekileyo
* Iindawo ezifumileyo (Ukufakelwa kwegumbi lokuhlambela): Kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingangeni manzi, kwaye i-torque sensor ivaliwe, igcina ukuchaneka kumswakama we-90%.
* Iindawo eziphantsi kobushushu (Imisebenzi yangaphandle): I-algorithm yokuhlawula ubushushu obuphantsi iyasebenza, ukuqinisekisa ukuphambuka kokuphuma kwe-torque ≤ ±3% kwi -10℃.
* Imisebenzi Ephindaphindayo (Imigca Yokuhlanganisa): Kusetyenziswa i-motor engenabhrashi, enokunciphisa i-torque ≤ 3% emva kweeyure ezi-8 zokusebenza okuqhubekayo, nto leyo eyandisa ubomi benkonzo.

Isishwankathelo soBugcisa
Ukuphucula ukuchaneka kolawulo lwe-torque lwee-screwdriver zombane yiprojekthi yobunjineli ecwangcisiweyo equka "ukuqonda kwe-sensor - ulawulo lwe-algorithm - ukuphunyezwa koomatshini". Ngokudibanisa ulawulo lwe-vector, ukuqonda okuchanekileyo, kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlawula okusingqongileyo, ukuchaneka okuzinzileyo kwe-±0.1% kunye nempendulo eguquguqukayo ye-