Gwaro rekuchengetedza mashandiro emichina yekucheka matanda

Semudziyo unorema mumabasa emasango neinjiniya, kugona kukuru kwekucheka nekubata kwemuchina wekucheka matanda kune njodzi huru dzekushanda. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hweindasitiri, tsaona dzinosanganisira michina yekucheka matanda inokonzerwa nekushanda zvisina kunaka dzinokonzera anopfuura 35% yetsaona dzese dzemasango. Migumisiro yacho inobva pakukuvara kudiki kwemidziyo kusvika pakukuvara kwakanyanya. Kutevedzera mitemo yesainzi yekuchengetedza mashandiro ndicho chinhu chikuru chinodiwa pakuderedza njodzi uye kuona kuchengetedzeka kwemabasa. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura zvinhu zvikuru zvekushanda kwakachengeteka kwemichina yekucheka matanda kubva pazvikamu zvitatu: kugadzirira usati watanga kushanda, mitemo yekushanda, uye kugadzirisa emergency.

Usati watanga kushanda: Kuongorora michina uye kuongorora nharaunda
Kuongorora kwakazara kwemidziyo
Usati watanga muchina wekucheka matanda, ongororo yakarongeka inofanira kuitwa kuti ubvise njodzi dzinogona kuitika. Tarisa pakuongorora nzvimbo dzinotevera:
Sisitimu yemagetsi: Tarisa huwandu hwemafuta einjini, huwandu hwemafuta uye huwandu hwechitonhodzi kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti hapana kubuda kwemvura. Mushure mekuvhura injini, teerera kana ruzha rwuri kufamba zvakanaka uye kana zviratidzo zvese zviri padanho rekushandisa (tembiricha yemvura, kumanikidzwa kwemafuta) zviri mukati mehuwandu hwakajairika (tembiricha yemvura 60-90℃, kumanikidzwa kwemafuta 2.5-4bar).
Chishandiso chinoshanda:Tarisa kushushikana kwe Chain Saw Chain (zvakakwana kudhonza cheni 1-2cm), uye kana mazino ekucheka akakuvara kana kutsemuka. Tarisa kana mapaipi ehydraulic system akwegura kana kukuvara, uye kana huwandu hwemafuta ehydraulic huchienderana nezvinodiwa. Mushure mekutanga, edza kana kuwedzera nekutenderera kweruoko rwemuchina kwakatsetseka, pasina kuvharika kana ruzha rusina kujairika.
Zvishandiso zvekuchengetedza: Simbisa kuti mambure ekudzivirira ekabhini (ukobvu ≥3mm) uye furemu inodzivisa kutenderera (simba reinjini ≥30kJ) hazvina kukuvara uye hazvina kukuvara. Tarisa kana bhandi rechigaro (upamhi ≥50mm) rakasimba uye rinogona kutambanuka nekudzokera kumashure zvakasununguka. Kana bhatani rekumisa nekukurumidza richinzwa uye rinogona kudzima simba remagetsi mushure mekudzvanywa.

Kuongorora nzvimbo yebasa
Kuoma kwenzvimbo iri panzvimbo iyi chinhu chakakosha chinokonzera tsaona. Ongororo dzinotevera dzinofanira kuitwa tisati tatanga kushanda:
Kuongorora nzvimbo: Bvisa zvipingamupinyi (zvakaita sematombo nezvitsiga zvemiti) munzvimbo yekubatira, cherechedza nzvimbo dzemapaipi epasi pevhu (tambo, mapaipi emvura), uye iva nechokwadi chekuti hapana chinotadzisa kufamba kweruoko rwerobhoti. Munzvimbo dzine materu anodarika 25°, MATS dzinodzivirira kutsvedza dzinofanira kuiswa kana kuti michina yekucheka matanda inofanira kushandiswa kudzivirira michina kuti isatenderere.
Kuchengetedzeka kwakakomberedza: Sarudza nzvimbo yekuyambira (nzvimbo ine mativi ≥15 metres), isa zviratidzo zvekuyambira (makone anopenya, mitsetse yekuyambira), uye rambidza zvakasimba vashandi vasina mvumo kupinda. Kana uchishanda parutivi pemugwagwa, munhu akazvipira anofanira kurongerwa kutungamira mota uye kudzivirira kukanganiswa nemotokari dzinopfuura.
Mamiriro ekunze: Kushanda hakubvumidzwe kana mamiriro ekunze akaoma akadai semvura yakawanda, mhepo ine simba (mhepo inomhanyisa ≥10m/s), mhute yakakora (kuonekwa

Munguva yebasa: Maitiro ekushanda uye kudzivirira njodzi nekudzora
Nhungamiro dzekutanga dzekushanda
Kana muchina wekucheka matanda uchishanda, zvinodikanwa kunyatsotevedzera hunhu hwemakanika uye misimboti ye ergonomic kudzivirira kushanda kune njodzi.
Kutanga uye kudzima: Usati watanga, iva nechokwadi chekuti ruoko rwerobhoti rwadzoserwa kumashure (neAngle isingapfuure 30° kumuviri wemuchina), uye kuti chainsaw yakachengetedzwa kure nepasi nezvimwe zvinhu. Paunomisa muchina, tanga waisa ruoko rwemuchina pasi, dzima simba remuchina uri kushanda, wobva wadzima injini, uye pakupedzisira simbisa bhureki rekupaka.
Kucheka: Pakubata miti, tanga wagadzirisa hunde neruoko rwemuchina (simba rekusunga rinofanira kudzorwa ne1.2 nguva yehukuru hwehunde kudzivirira kutsemuka hunde nekuda kwekusimba kwakanyanya), uye gadzirisa kumhanya kwechainsaw zvichienderana nehukuru hwehunde (shandisa kumhanya kwepakati kune dhayamita dziri pasi pe30cm uye kumhanya kwakanyanya kune dhayamita dziri pamusoro pe50cm). Nzira yekucheka inofanira kuenderana nekwakananga hunde yemuti. Nzvimbo yakachengeteka yekurereka inofanira kuchengetwa inosvika mamita matatu. Zvinorambidzwa zvachose kutarisana nezvivakwa, tambo kana mimwe miti zvakananga.
Kudzora mutoro: Pakubata matanda akachekwa, mutoro mumwe chete haufanirwe kudarika mutoro wakayerwa wemidziyo (unowanzo nyorwa pamusuwo wepadivi pekabhini), uye kureba kwematanda hakufanirwe kudarika 80% yehukuru hwepamusoro hweruoko rwerobhoti. Pakusimudza matanda, chengetedza pakati pegiravhiti mukati menzvimbo inotsigira tambo/matai emidziyo kudzivirira kupidiguka nekuda kwemutoro wakawandisa kune rumwe rutivi.

Kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi huru
Pazviitiko zvakakosha zvinogona kuitika tsaona, matanho ekudzivirira anofanirwa kutorwa:
Kubata nemiti yakatsveyama: Pamiti ine mwero wekona unopfuura 15°, tanga wachera mugero unonyungudutsa pasi pemuti (kure nekwaunorerekera), une hurefu hwe 1/3 yedhayamita yemuti. Wobva wadhonza zvishoma nezvishoma neruoko rwemuchina wocheka nechain saw. Usacheke mudzi zvakananga kudzivirira kurerekera kamwe kamwe kwemuti.
Mabasa epamusoro: Pakuchekerera matavi panzvimbo dzakakwirira, kukwirira kwakanyanya. Kona yeruoko rwerobhoti haifanirwe kudarika 70°. Vashandi vanofanirwa kusunga mabhandi avo ekuchengetedza uye kutarisa mamiriro ekukwirira kwepamusoro kuburikidza nemakamera ekuwedzera kudzivirira chainsaw kubata tambo (kunyanya mitsetse ine voltage yakawanda, ine daro rekuchengetedza re ≥10 metres).
Kushanda pamwe chete: Kana vanhu vakawanda vakabatana, hurongwa hwezviratidzo hwakajeka (zviratidzo zvemaoko, mawalkie-talkies) hunofanira kuiswa, uye mushandi werobhoti anofanira kuchengetedza chinhambwe chinodarika mamita matatu kubva pagwara repasi. Vashandi vepasi havabvumirwi kumira mukati menzvimbo inotenderera yeruoko rwerobhoti kana munzira dzinogona kudonha miti.

Mushure mebasa: Kugadzirisa michina uye kugadzirisa njodzi
Magadzirirwo Ekugadzirisa Midziyo
Kugadziriswa kwakakodzera mushure mekupedzwa kwebasa kunogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa remuchina uye kuderedza njodzi dzekushandiswa kwawo kunotevera.
Kuchenesa nekuongorora: Bvisa matanda neresin kubva pachainsaw woisa mafuta ekudzivirira ngura. Bvisa tsvina pamusoro pemidziyo uye tarisa kana majoini emuchina wehydraulic pipeline asina kusimba. Dururira mvura kubva mutangi remafuta (kana hunyoro hwemhepo huri kupfuura 80%) woisa mafuta ekugadzirisa.
Kugadziriswa kwechikamu: Isa mafuta pamabheringi ejoini yega yega yerobhoti vhiki rega rega (uchishandisa grisi ye lithium-based), chinja hydraulic oil filter element mwedzi wega wega, uye tarisa kupera kwechainsaw chain kota yega yega (chinja kana kupera kwesawtooth kwakakura kupfuura 2mm).
Zvinodiwa pakuchengetedza: Paka muchina wekucheka matanda panzvimbo yakati sandara uye yakaoma, bvisa ruoko rwemuchina zvachose, wodzikisa chainsaw pasi. Kana yachengetwa panze, inofanira kuvharwa nejira rinodzivirira mvura, magonhi nemahwindo emutyairi anofanira kuvharwa, kiyi inofanira kubviswa uye kuchengetwa zvakanaka.

Maitiro ekupindura nekukurumidza
Mhinduro chaiyo mumamiriro ezvinhu asingatarisirwi inogona kuderedza kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa netsaona zvakanyanya
Kukundikana kwemidziyo: Kana ruoko rwako rwapwanyika, chain saw ikatyoka kana zvimwewo, tinya bhatani rekumisa mota nekukurumidza kuti udzime magetsi. Zvinorambidzwa zvachose kukwira kuti ugadzirise michina yacho ichiri kushanda. Mirira kusvika injini yamira zvachose usati watarisa zvikanganiso.
Kukuvadzwa kwevashandi: Kana paine makumbo akasungwa, akadzvanywa kana mamwe kukuvara, misa muchina nekukasika wofonera nhamba yekukurumidzira (yakadai se120). Panguva imwe chete, tora matanho ekutanga ekubatsira vanhu vakaita sekumisa kubuda ropa (kusunga tourniquet pedyo nemoyo weronda worisunungura kweminiti imwe chete mumaminitsi makumi matatu ega ega) uye kudzivirira kufamba kwenzvimbo yakatyoka (kuigadzirisa nebhodhi rehuni nebhandeji) kudzivirira kufambisa munhu akakuvara uye kukonzera kukuvara kwechipiri.
Njodzi yemoto: Kana moto ukakonzerwa nekubuda kwemafuta, kurumidza kuenda kunzvimbo yakachengeteka uye shandisa chidzimisi chemoto chine hupfu hwakaoma (chinokwana ≥4kg) chakapihwa michina kudzima moto. Usashandise mvura kudzima moto wemagetsi. Kana moto wabuda, siya michina wobva waenda kure nenzvimbo yacho, wobva wafonera nhamba yealamu yemoto.

Zvinodiwa pakudzidziswa kwevashandi
Mushandi we muchina wekucheka matanda vanofanira kunge vaine hunyanzvi hwebasa: kuva nechitupa chekushandisa michina yakakosha (Kirasi N2) uye kupasa bvunzo dzedzidziso nedzekushanda. Vanofanira kutora chikamu mukudzidziswa kwekuchengetedza kwemaawa asiri pasi pe24 gore rega rega kuti vazive hunhu uye maitiro ekugadzirisa emhando dzakasiyana dzemichina yekucheka matanda. Vashandi vatsva vanofanirwa kupedza maawa angangoita makumi mashanu ebasa vari pabasa vachitungamirirwa nevashandisi vane ruzivo. Mushure mekupasa bvunzo chete ndipo pavanogona kushanda vega.
Nheyo huru yekushanda kwakachengeteka kwemuchina wekucheka matanda ndeye "kutanga kudzivirira uye kushanda kwakajairika". Kubva pakuongororwa kwemidziyo kusvika pakuongororwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kubva pamitemo yekushanda kusvika pakupindura nekukurumidza, kudzora kwakanyatsonaka kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe chiri muchikamu chimwe nechimwe kunoshanda sedziviriro yakasimba kubva kunjodzi. Vashandi vanofanirwa kugara vakangwarira uye vachiisa ruzivo rwekuchengetedza mukati menguva yese yekushanda kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti muchina wekucheka matanda haungobatsiri chete asiwo unoramba uri mumamiriro ezvinhu anodzoreka uye akachengeteka nguva dzese.