Igikato cyo gukata uburoso cya 32CC gikoresha lisansi kiramba gute?

Isesengura ryimbitse ry’uburyo imashini ikata ubwatsi ya 32CC Two-Stroke: Ese koko ishobora kwihanganira gukoreshwa kenshi?

Ku bakora imirimo yo kubungabunga ubusitani bwo mu rugo, kwita ku busitani buto, cyangwa gutunganya ubusitani, imashini iramba yo guca ubusitani ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kunoza imikorere no kugabanya ikiguzi. Imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya 32CC ifite lisansi ebyiri, kubera ingano yayo nto, imiterere yayo yoroheje, n'imbaraga zikomeye, byabaye amahitamo akunzwe na benshi. Ariko, igishushanyo cyayo cya "two-stroke" na "32CC" byasize abakoresha benshi bibaza bati: Iramba gute? Ese ishobora kwihanganira gukoreshwa igihe kirekire kandi kenshi? Iyi nkuru izasesengura neza uburyo imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya "two-stroke" ya 32CC iramba mu buryo bune: ibice by'ingenzi, imiterere y'ingufu, uburyo ikoreshwa, n'ingingo z'ingenzi zo kuyibungabunga.

Ubwa mbere, Gusobanukirwa: "Imbara y'ibanze" y'icyuma gikata ubwatsi cya 32CC gifite imipira ibiri ni iyihe?

Ishingiro ry'uburambe riri mu kudashira kw'ibice byayo by'ibanze. Ishingiro ry'uburambe bw'imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya 32CC ifite lisansi ebyiri rishingiye ku miterere yayo y'ingenzi. Reka tubanze dusesengure uburambe bw'ibice byayo by'ibanze:

1. Moteri: Imiterere y'icyuma gifite ubugi bubiri ni inkota ifite ubugi bubiri, ariko icyuma cya 32cc gikwiranye neza n'ibikenewe kugira ngo gikomere.

Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga moteri ifite imiterere ibiri ni imiterere yayo yoroshye, ingano nto, n'ubucucike bwayo bukomeye. Iyo idafite ibyuma bigoye byo mu bwoko bwa valves nka valves na camshafts, ibice bigenda bike biba bike, kandi mu by'ukuri, ahantu habi hake, ari nabyo byiza mu kuramba kwayo. Igishushanyo mbonera cya 32cc gitegeka igishushanyo cyayo cy'ibanze ku mikoreshereze mito kugeza ku mikorere iri hagati.

Ingufu zikoreshwa buri gihe ziba hagati ya 1.2 na 1.8 horsepower, zigakemura ibibazo byo guca ubwatsi n'ibyatsi kugeza kuri metero kare 500 nta kurenza moteri.

Iyi bloki ya silindiri yubatswe ahanini mu cyuma cya aluminiyumu gikozwe mu buryo bwa die-cast, itanga uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwiza ugereranije n'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma. Iyo ihujwe na sisitemu yo gukonjesha umwuka irimo imbaraga (inyinshi muri zo zifite imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe ifite imiyoboro ibiri), ibi birinda kwangirika gukabije nyuma yo gukoreshwa igihe kirekire.

Ibice by'ingenzi byimuka, nka piston na crankshaft, bikorerwa akazi ko kuzimya inshuro nyinshi, byongera ubukana bw'ubuso ku kigero kirenga 30% kandi bigabanya kwangirika mu gihe cyo kugenda.

Ariko, menya ko moteri zikoresha ibyuma bibiri zikoresha uruvange rw'amavuta n'amavuta kugira ngo zigire amavuta. Uruvange rudakwiye (urugero: amavuta make cyane) rushobora gutuma silinda na piston byumye bisya. Iyi ni yo ngaruka nyamukuru y'ikosa ry'abantu, si inenge y'imiterere, igira ingaruka ku kuramba.

2. Sisitemu yo gutwara: Igishushanyo mbonera cyoroshye kigabanya igipimo cyo gutsindwa; Ibice by'ingenzi bigena igihe cyo kubaho

Inzira yo gutwaramo imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ifite uburebure bwa 32cc ni yoroshye kandi itaziguye: crankshaft ya moteri → clutch ya centrifugal → shaft yo gutwara → umutwe w'akazi (icyuma/umugozi wa nylon). Iyo nta gikoresho cy'itumanaho kigoranye, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu ni bwinshi kandi igihombo ni gito. Ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi bigira uruhare mu kuramba kwayo:

Clutch yo mu bwoko bwa Centrifugal: Iyo umuvuduko wa moteri ugeze ku rugero runaka (ubusanzwe urenga 3000 rpm), clutch ikoresha plate itwarwa ikoresheje imbaraga za centrifugal, igatwara umutwe w'akazi. Yikuramo ku muvuduko muto kugira ngo icyuma kidasaza cyangwa ngo gicike mu gihe cyo kudakora. Clutch ikoresha ibikoresho bya asbestos biramba, ifite ubuzima bwo gukora amasaha arenga 2000, irenga cyane amasaha 500-800 y'ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bisanzwe.

Umuyoboro w'imodoka: Inyinshi mu bwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe zikoresha umuyoboro w'icyuma ukomeye ufite icyuma cya pulasitiki, mu gihe ubwoko bw'ubucuruzi bwongera gukoreshwa ku muyoboro w'icyuma ufite chrome, urinda ingese kandi urinda kugwa. Igihe cyose umuyoboro w'imodoka urinzwe ibyatsi n'ibintu bikomeye, igihe cyo kubaho cyawo kingana n'icya moteri.

3. Umutwe w'akazi: Kuramba kw'icyuma/umugozi wa nylon biterwa n'ibikoresho n'uburyo bikoreshwa.

Umutwe ukora ni wo ugera ku byatsi n'ibyatsi bibi, urambara vuba cyane, kandi cyane cyane ugira ingaruka ku buryo umukoresha abona kuramba.

Icyuma cya Alloy: Gikozwe mu cyuma cya manganese, gifite ubukana bwa HRC45-50, bigatuma gikoreshwa mu gukata ibyatsi bikomeye n'amashami magufi (umurambararo wa ≤1cm). Mu gihe gikoreshwa bisanzwe, gishobora gutyazwa inshuro 3-5, kandi igihe cyose gishobora kumara amasaha agera kuri 500. Gukoresha amabuye n'ibintu by'icyuma kenshi bishobora gutuma icyuma gicika kandi kigahinduka, bigasaba gusimburwa vuba.

Umugozi wo Gukata Nylon: Nubwo umugozi usanzwe wa nylon umara amasaha agera kuri 10-15, "High-Toughness Polyethylene + Kevlar Fiber Blend" itanga imbaraga zirenze inshuro ebyiri zo kudashira, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu guhangana n'ibyatsi bibi kandi ikaba idakunze kwangirika.

Icya kabiri. Isuzuma ry'ikizamini cyo mu murima: "Umupaka wo kogosha ubwatsi wa 32cc Two-Flush uri he?"

Igishushanyo mbonera cyonyine ntigihagije. Twahuje amasaha 200 y'amakuru ajyanye n'igerageza ry'ibintu nyabyo (kwigana ikoreshwa mu ngo, kabiri mu cyumweru isaha imwe buri gihe, n'ikoreshwa mu bucuruzi, amasaha ane ku munsi) kugira ngo dusuzume imikorere yabyo mu bihe bitandukanye:

1. Gukoresha mu rugo: Bikoreshejwe mu buryo bworoshye, ni ibisanzwe ko nta gusana gukomeye kugaragara mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu.

Ku bwatsi bwa metero kare 100-300, gutema ubwatsi inshuro imwe cyangwa ebyiri mu cyumweru, buri kimwe kimara iminota 30-60:

Moteri: Nyuma y'amasaha 200, igenzura ryakozwe ku ikorwa ry'imashini ryagaragaje ko nta nkovu zigaragara ku gice cy'imashini, ifunga neza impeta ya piston, kandi umuvuduko wo gukanda wakomeje kuba kuri 0.8-1.0 MPa (igipimo gishya cya moteri: 0.9-1.1 MPa), aho ingufu zatakaye munsi ya 10%.

Clutch: Agasanduku k'icyuma kagaragazaga gusa 0.2 mm z'ubusa, nta gucikagurika.

Ibice Bishobora Gukoreshwa: Icyuma gishobora gutyazwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutyaza rimwe. Umugozi wa nylon ugomba gusimbuzwa buri byumweru bibiri.
Umwanzuro: Igihe cyose ikomeje gukoreshwa nk'uko bivugwa mu gitabo cy'amabwiriza, imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya 32cc ishobora gukora imyaka irenga itanu mu rugo, nta kuvugurura ibice by'ingenzi.

2. Ikoreshwa mu bucuruzi: Gukoresha inshuro nyinshi. Kubungabunga neza ni ingenzi mu kuramba

Ku bijyanye n'ubucuruzi nko gutunganya ubusitani bw'amazu n'inganda nto z'abana, bikora amasaha 4-6 ku munsi, iminsi 5 mu cyumweru:

Moteri: Impeta za piston n'udukingirizo tw'ingufu bigomba gusimburwa nyuma y'amasaha 500 (gusaza bisanzwe), mu gihe silinda ishobora gukomeza gukoreshwa. Iyo uruvange rw'amavuta rugumanye neza ku gipimo cya 25:1 (amavuta meza yo gusimbuza inshuro ebyiri), igihe cyo gusimbuza impeta ya piston gishobora kongerwa kugeza ku masaha 800.

Kohereza: Nyuma y'amasaha 1000, reba niba clutch block yashize. Niba ubunini buri munsi ya mm 3, yisimbuze; bitabaye ibyo, umuriro uzagabanuka.

Umutwe w'akazi: Icyuma cy'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma kigomba gusimburwa rimwe mu kwezi, naho umugozi wa nylon ugasimburwa inshuro 1-2 ku munsi.
Umwanzuro: Mu gihe ikoreshwa kenshi mu bucuruzi, "umupaka wo hejuru" w'icyuma gikata ubwatsi cya 32cc gifite imiterere ibiri uramba bitewe n'inshuro cyo kugitunganya. Iyo habayeho gusimbuza ibice byambarwaga ku gihe no gusukura no kugitunganya buri gihe, igihe cyose gishobora kugera ku masaha 1500-2000, bigatuma kirushaho kugabanuka kurusha icyuma gikoresha imiterere ine y'imiterere imwe (ifite imiterere igoye cyane ya moteri kandi itwara amafaranga menshi yo kugitunganya).

3. Ibintu Bikabije: "Ikizamini" cyo Kuramba mu Bidukikije Bikomeye

Ahantu habi hafite amabuye, ubushuhe, n'ibyatsi birebire (uburebure bwa ≥50cm) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kuramba k'icyuma gikata ubwatsi cya 32cc gifite imiterere ibiri:

Amabuye ashobora gukata ibyuma byoroshye no kugonda imiyoboro y'amazi, bityo kuraho ubwatsi ibintu biva mu butaka mbere y'igihe.

Ubushuhe bushobora kuziba karubureteri n'ibice by'icyuma bitera ingese. Yumisha imashini nyuma yo kuyikoresha kandi uyitere umuti ugabanya ingese buri gihe.

Ibyatsi birebire bishobora kuremerera umutwe ukora, bigasaba moteri gukora ku muvuduko mwinshi mu gihe kirekire, bigasaba kuruhuka iminota itanu buri minota 30 kugira ngo hirindwe ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Icya gatatu. Ibinyoma byavugurujwe: Ibitekerezo 3 bikunze kwibeshya ku kuntu imashini zikata ubwatsi za 32cc ziramba

Abantu benshi bafite imyumvire itari yo ku bijyanye no kuramba kw'imashini zo kogosha ubwatsi zikoresha uburyo bwa kabiri, ariko ibi akenshi biterwa no kuzikoresha nabi cyangwa imyumvire itari yo:

1. Igitekerezo Kitari cyo: "Moteri zifite imiterere ibiri zishobora kwangirika kurusha moteri zifite imiterere ine."

Ukuri: Imiterere yazo yoroshye igabanya igipimo cyo gutsindwa. Moteri zifite ibice bine (four-stroke) zifite ibice bigoye nk'amavali n'iminyururu itwara igihe, bigatuma zishobora guhura n'ibibazo nko gusohoka kw'amavali no gucika intege uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ariko, igihe cyose uruvange rwa lisansi n'amavuta bibungabunzwe neza, igihe cy'ubuzima bw'ibice by'ingenzi bya moteri zifite ibice bibiri (four-stroke) ntabwo ari gito ugereranyije n'igihe cy'amavali (four-stroke). Itandukaniro nyaryo riri mu kugabanya lisansi no ku rusaku, ntabwo ari ukuramba.

2. Igitekerezo Kitari cyo: "Uko kwimuka guto, niko kudakomera."

Ukuri: Kuramba ntaho bihuriye no kwimura ahubwo bifitanye isano no guhuza umutwaro. Moteri ya 32cc ikwiriye ubwatsi buto kugeza ku bunini. Kuyikoresha mu gukata ibihuru bifite uburebure bwa metero 1 cyangwa amashami arenga cm 2 by'umurambararo bifatwa nk' "ibirenze urugero" kandi bizangirika byoroshye. Ariko, iyo ikoreshejwe ku bwatsi yagenewe, "umutwaro uringaniye" uzatuma moteri isaza buhoro buhoro, bigatuma iramba kurusha imashini nini zikoresha imashini zigabanya umutwaro.

3. Igitekerezo Kitari cyo: "Imashini zo kogosha ubwatsi zo mu ngo zikoresha ibice bibiri ntiziramba cyane ugereranyije n'izo mu mahanga."

Ukuri: Itandukaniro mu bice by'ingenzi ni rito, kandi kugenzura ubuziranenge ni ingenzi. Imiterere myiza yo mu rugo ubu ikoresha ibikoresho bitumizwa mu mahanga ku bice by'ingenzi nka moteri na clutches (urugero, pistons zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Honda ry'Abayapani na spark plugs za German Bosch). Guhitamo ikirango cyemewe (nka Honda, Stihl, cyangwa Huasheng Zhongtian yo mu rugo) bizatanga umusaruro uri munsi ya 10% ugereranije n'imiterere itumizwa mu mahanga, mu gihe igura 1/2-2/3 gusa igiciro, itanga agaciro keza.

Icya kane. "Inama 6 z'Indashyikirwa zo Kubungabunga" zo kongera igihe cyo kubaho (Byemejwe ko bikora neza)

Kuramba kwa imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya 32cc ifite imiterere ibiri 70% ishingiye ku mashini naho 3% ishingiye ku kubungabunga. Kumenya neza inama zikurikira bishobora kongera igihe cyo kubaho kwa moteri yawe ku kigero kirenga 50%:

1. Kuvanga lisansi: Kurikiza neza igipimo gikwiye n'ikoreshwa ryayo Moteri nziza cyane amavuta.

Koresha amavuta ya moteri ya moteri ya stroke ebyiri gusa (ntugakoreshe amavuta ya stroke enye cyangwa ay'imodoka). Igipimo cyo kuvanga kigomba kuba nk'uko byavuzwe mu mabwiriza y'uwakoze (ubusanzwe 25:1 cyangwa 50:1, ariko ku mavuta meza, iki gipimo gishobora kuba hasi nka 50:1).

Birasabwa gukoresha lisansi ya octane 92 cyangwa irenga. Irinde gukoresha lisansi "yangiritse" imaze ukwezi kurenga, kuko ishobora kuziba kabureta.

2. Gutunganya buri gihe: Simbuza ibice byambarwa hakurikijwe gahunda y'isaha.

Buri masaha 25: Sukura akayunguruzo k'umwuka (sukura akayunguruzo k'ifuro n'amazi y'isabune, ureke byume, hanyuma ushyireho amavuta make ya moteri). Reba aho icyuho cy'agafunguzo k'umuriro giherereye (komeza 0.6-0.8mm).

Buri masaha 100: Hindura amavuta ya moteri (niba ukoresha akayunguruzo k'umwuka gashyirwa mu mavuta), reba niba clutch yashize, hanyuma ushyire amavuta ku gice cyo hejuru cy'imodoka.

Buri masaha 500: Simbuza impeta za piston na gasket ya silindiri, hanyuma uvane moteri kugira ngo isukure ububiko bwa karuboni (ububiko bwa karuboni bushobora gutuma ingufu zibura kandi zigashyuha cyane).

3. Imikorere myiza: Irinde imyitwarire yangiza moteri

Mu gutangira: Banza ufunge umugozi. Kura umugozi inshuro 3-5 kugeza igihe wumva usubira inyuma, hanyuma ukingure umugozi wongere ukure umugozi kugira ngo utangire. Irinde kwangiza umugozi ukoresha imbaraga.

Mu gihe ukoresha: Irinde kumara igihe kirekire udakora (gukora iminota irenga 5 bishobora gutera ubwiyongere bwa karuboni) kandi wirinde kwihuta/kugabanuka k'umuvuduko mu buryo butunguranye (bishobora kugira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'amashanyarazi).

Iyo uhagaze: Banza uzimye switch y'umutwe w'akazi, hanyuma ureke gukoresha moteri mu gihe cy'amasegonda 30 mbere yo kuzimya moteri kugira ngo ubushyuhe bukonje buhoro buhoro.

4. Isuku no kubungabunga: Ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi ugomba gukora nyuma yo kubagwa

Koresha imbunda y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi (uburyo bwo gukoresha umuvuduko muto) kugira ngo woze umutwe w'akazi n'umubiri w'imashini ibyatsi n'umwanda kugira ngo wirinde ko umutobe w'ibyatsi byangirika.

Kumisha igice cy'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, hanyuma usuke amavuta arwanya ingese ku bice by'icyuma nk'ibyuma n'umugozi wo kugitwara.

Sukura imyanda mu cyuma gifunga kugira ngo ubushyuhe bushire neza.

5. Inama zo kubika: Inama z'ingenzi zo kubungabunga igihe kirekire

Niba moteri idakoreshejwe mu gihe kirenze ukwezi kumwe, kuraho lisansi yose mu kigega hanyuma utangire moteri kugeza igihe izimye burundu (kugira ngo wirinde ko lisansi ikomera cyangwa ngo ifunge kabureta).

Kuraho agace k'amavuta y'ubushyuhe hanyuma ushyiremo mililitiro 5-10 z'amavuta ya moteri ya moteri ya stroke ebyiri muri silinda. Kuraho umugozi wo gukurura inshuro 2-3 kugira ngo ukwirakwize amavuta ku rukuta rwa silinda neza kugira ngo wirinde ingese.

Bika moteri ahantu humutse kandi hafite umwuka mwiza, kure y'izuba ryinshi n'ubushuhe.

6. Gukemura ibibazo byihuse: Ntureke ngo ibibazo bito bikubere ibibazo bikomeye

Niba moteri igize ikibazo cyo gutangira: Banza urebe ibyuma bitanga umuriro, akayunguruzo k'umwuka, na kabureta. 90% by'ibibazo byo gutangira biterwa n'ibi bice bitatu, kandi nta mpamvu yo gusimbuza moteri mu buryo butaziguye.

Niba moteri igize ikibazo cyo kugabanuka k'imbaraga: Sukura icyuma gifunga umwuka hanyuma urebe uruvange rwa lisansi; ibi akenshi bigarura ingufu.

Iyo humvikana urusaku rudasanzwe: Hagarika moteri ako kanya uyigenzure. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'umugozi usohoka, gucika kw'icyuma, cyangwa ibyuma bidakora neza. Gukomeza kuyikoresha bishobora kwangiza ibyo bice.

Icya gatanu. Umwanzuro: Ese imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya 32cc ifite lisansi ebyiri ikwiye kugurwa?

Garuka ku kibazo cy'ingenzi: Imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya 32cc ifite lisansi ebyiri iramba gute?

Igisubizo ni iki: iyo ikoresheje uburyo bukwiye, ikoreshwa neza, kandi ibungabungwa buri gihe, ishobora guhaza neza ibisabwa kugira ngo inzu irambe mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu, kandi ikoreshwe mu bucuruzi mu gihe cy'amasaha arenga 2.000, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza ku busitani buto n'ubuciriritse.

Ibyiza byayo biragaragara: ingano nto (ipima ibiro 4-6 gusa, ndetse n'abagore barashobora kuyitwara byoroshye), imbaraga zikomeye (yoroshye gufata ibyatsi bisanzwe), n'umuvuduko muto wo gutsindwa (byoroshye kandi byoroshye gusana). Ingaruka mbi zayo ni uko ikoresha lisansi nkeya kandi urusaku rwinshi rurenze urugero rw'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "four-stroke". Niba ukoresha urugo (ingano y'ubwatsi ≤ 500 m2) cyangwa umuhinzi muto (ukora ≤ amasaha 4 ku munsi), imashini yo kogosha ubwatsi ya 32cc irahagije cyane kugira ngo irambe, ihendutse, kandi yorohe kuyitunganya. Niba ukeneye kwita ku bwatsi bunini (≥ 1000 m2) cyangwa gushaka ituze n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha lisansi, tekereza ku buryo bwo kwimura bwa "four-stroke" bunini, nubwo ibi bizongera cyane ingengo y'imari yawe n'uburemere bwawe.

Hanyuma, ikibutsa: Mu gihe uhitamo, shyira imbere ibikoresho by'ingenzi (nk'icyuma cya aluminiyumu, ibyuma bya manganese, na clutch block) aho gutekereza gusa ku kirango cyangwa igiciro. Imiterere myiza kandi y'ibanze ni yo shingiro ry'ingwate yo kuramba.