Izinto zebrashi yekhabhoni

Sithetha ngeebhrashi zekhabhoni zezixhobo zamandla namhlanje. Ibhrashi yekhabhoni (ibhrashi yekhabhoni), ekwabizwa ngokuba yibhrashi, njengendlela yokutyibiliza, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ezininzi zombane. Ibhrashi yekhabhoni kwimveliso izixhobo zokusetyenziswa ikakhulu yigraphite, igraphite efakwe emanzini, igraphite yesinyithi (equlethe ubhedu, isilivere). Ngaba unazo iibhrashi zekhabhoni ezaneleyo zokungena ebhokisini?

📍 Kufuneka nditshintshe nini ibrashi yekhabhoni?
① Intlantsi inkulu, ibrashi yekhabhoni itshisa umphezulu woqhagamshelwano lwerotor, iyisuse ize iyisule ngephepha lokusila. Imeko yentlantsi isenokuba kukuba ubhedu olukwi-rotor converter luphelile, intlantsi ye-short-circuit inkulu, kwaye ukusebenza komqhubi wemoto kuyancipha.
② ayizukujika, ibrashi yekhabhoni isetyenzisiwe.
(3) Akukho nanye kwezi meko zimbini zingasentla, oko kukuthi, ibhrashi yekhabhoni yohlobo lwentwasahlobo, uxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo olunye alwanelanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ibhrashi yekhabhoni kunye noqhagamshelwano lwerotor lungaqinanga, kufuneka ukhuphe ucingo lobhedu lwebhrashi yekhabhoni, wongeze izipringi ezi-2.
(4) Iphepha lobhedu elingaphezulu kwebhrashi yekhabhoni, iphepha lobhedu elingenandawo yekhadi liyasetyenziswa, ukujikeleza kwephepha lobhedu kubangela ukuba ucingo lobhedu olungaphezulu luqine, ibhrashi yekhabhoni ayinakunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nerotor, intlantsi incinci, kwaye kufuneka isuswe kwaye ishukunyiswe.

📍 Indlela esebenza ngayo ibhrashi yekhabhoni
I-Brush motor Zonke ii-motor zenziwe nge-stator kunye ne-rotor, kwi-DC motor, ukuze i-rotor ijike, kufuneka utshintshe rhoqo indlela yamandla ombane, kungenjalo i-rotor inokujika isiqingatha sesangqa kuphela, okufana nokupeda i-pedal yebhayisekile, unyawo olunye lunokupeda isiqingatha sesangqa kuphela, ngoko ke i-DC motor kufuneka itshintshe amandla ombane kwi-rotor, oko kukuthi, indlela yamandla ombane xa kufuneka ibuyele umva. Utshintsho lwe-commutator kukuba xa i-conductor enikwe amandla ifakwa kwintsimi ye-electromagnetic ukuze inqumle intsimi ye-magnetic, i-conductor iya kutyhalelwa ngaphandle kwintsimi ye-magnetic engashukumiyo, oku kungenxa yokuba umgca wentsimi ye-magnetic yentsimi ye-magnetic ucinezelwe kwaye uguqulwe yintsimi ye-electromagnetic ejikeleze i-conductor, kwaye umgca wentsimi ye-magnetic uzama ukubuyela kwimo ethe tye, okufana nokuvelisa amandla anomtsalane nawagxothayo ukwenza i-motor ijike. I-commutator ineenxalenye ezimbini ze-semicircle ezahlulwe zizinto zokufaka ubushushu. Ezi ziqendu zimbini ziyajikeleza ngokulandelelana ukuze ziqhagamshelane nebrashi yekhabhoni, kwaye ibrashi yekhabhoni iqhagamshelwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwicandelo le-commutator elihlangabezana namandla okuqhuba, ukuze imoto ephinda-phindayo ijikeleze.

📍 Iingxaki ezidibene nokutshintsha ibrashi yekhabhoni kunye nezisombululo
Ingxaki: 1, ibrashi yekhabhoni igugile kakhulu
Isizathu:
A. Impembelelo yezinto zebrashi yekhabhoni. Abavelisi abahlukeneyo, iimodeli ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo sebrashi yekhabhoni zahlukile, izinga lokuguguleka nalo lahlukile. Ke ngoko, xa utshintsha ibrashi yekhabhoni, khetha uhlobo olufanayo lwebrashi yekhabhoni;
B. Ukugqitywa komphezulu weringi yokutyibilika. Okukhona ukugqitywa komphezulu weringi yokutyibilika kuphezulu, kokukhona umlinganiselo wokungqubana uphantsi kwaye izinga lokuguguleka kwebrashi yekhabhoni liphantsi.
C Isiphumo soxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwentwasahlobo luya kubangela ukuba ukuguguleka koomatshini kwebrashi yekhabhoni kwande; Kwangaxeshanye, uxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo luncinci kakhulu, nangona ukungqubana phakathi kwebrashi yekhabhoni kunye neringi yokutyibilika kuncinci, kodwa unxibelelwano olubi kulula ukuvelisa iintlantsi, nto leyo engafunekiyo;
D. Isiphumo sombane. Ngokubanzi, kwiibhrashi zekhabhoni zegrafiti, umsinga ohamba ngebrashi yekhabhoni elungileyo mkhulu kunomsinga ohamba ngebrashi yekhabhoni elungileyo, ngoko ke ukuguguleka kwebrashi yekhabhoni elungileyo kukhulu kunokuguga kwebrashi yekhabhoni elungileyo, kwaye ukuguguleka kweringi yokutyibilika elungileyo kungaphezulu kuneringi yokutyibilika engalunganga.
Isisombululo:
1, ukuphucula ukusebenza kokuthambisa kwebrashi yekhabhoni, kubandakanya ukuzithambisa kunye nokuthambisa umphezulu webrashi yekhabhoni, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bezinto zokuthambisa ezongeziweyo;
2, ukuphucula uzinzo lomgangatho webhrashi yekhabhoni;
3, ukuphucula ukusebenzisana kwebhrashi yekhabhoni kunye ne-commutator (i-commutator);
4, qinisekisa uzinzo lokusebenza kwentwasahlobo.

Ingxaki: 2, umlilo webrashi yekhabhoni
Isizathu:
A. Ibangelwa ngumsinga ogqithisileyo ohamba ngebrashi yekhabhoni;
B. Ngenxa yekhadi lekhabhoni elibangela ukurhawuzelelwa, ukudibana okukhawulezileyo neringi yokutyibilika okubangelwayo.
Isisombululo:
1, nikela ingqalelo ekukhetheni imodeli yokusebenza ehambelana nebrashi yekhabhoni;
2, ukuphucula ukuzithambisa kunye nokuthambisa umphezulu webrashi yekhabhoni, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bezinto ezongeziweyo zokunciphisa ukuguguleka.

Ingxaki: 3, ubushushu bebrashi yekhabhoni buphezulu
Isizathu:
A. ukugcwala kakhulu kwenkqubo yokuvusa;
B. Umphezulu woqhagamshelwano phakathi kwebrashi yekhabhoni kunye neringi yokutyibilika mncinci;
C. Umgangatho webhrashi yekhabhoni ngokwayo.
Isisombululo:
1, nikela ingqalelo ekukhetheni imodeli yokusebenza ehambelana nebrashi yekhabhoni;
2, ukuphucula ukuzithambisa kunye nokuthambisa umphezulu webrashi yekhabhoni, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bezinto ezongeziweyo zokunciphisa ukuguguleka.
3. Nika ingqalelo ekukhetheni iibhrashi zekhabhoni ezinomgangatho ozinzileyo.

Ingxaki: 4. Ibhrashi yekhabhoni yonakele kakhulu
Isizathu:
A. Ubushushu obuphezulu bebrashi yekhabhoni;
B. Ibhrashi yekhabhoni ayikhanyiswanga kakuhle;
C. Ukungcangcazela kweyunithi kukhulu, kwaye ibhrashi yekhabhoni inamathele kwindawo yokubamba ibhrashi;
D. Umgangatho webhrashi yekhabhoni awulunganga.
Isisombululo:
1, nikela ingqalelo ekukhetheni imodeli yokusebenza ehambelana nebrashi yekhabhoni;
2, ukuphucula ukuzithambisa kunye nokuthambisa umphezulu webrashi yekhabhoni, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bezinto ezongeziweyo zokunciphisa ukuguguleka.
3, khetha ibhrashi yekhabhoni esemgangathweni ethembekileyo nezinzileyo.

Ingxaki: 5, ukutsiba ngebrashi yekhabhoni
Isizathu: Ibhrashi yekhabhoni iqhekeze iziqwenga ezincinci eziwela kwindawo yokubamba ibhrashi okanye ezinye izizathu ezinokubakho
Isisombululo:
1, nikela ingqalelo ekukhetheni imodeli yokusebenza ehambelana nebrashi yekhabhoni;
2, khetha ibhrashi yekhabhoni esemgangathweni ethembekileyo nezinzileyo.
3, ukuphucula ukuzithambisa kunye nokuthambisa umphezulu webrashi yekhabhoni, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwezinto ezongeziweyo zokunciphisa ukuguguleka.