Menene bugun injin mai bugun huɗu?

Menene bugun injin mai bugun huɗu?

Injin kekuna mai bugun huɗu Injin konewa ne na ciki wanda ke amfani da bugun piston guda huɗu daban-daban (shiga, matsawa, wuta da shaye-shaye) don kammala zagayowar aiki. Piston ɗin yana kammala bugun biyu a cikin silinda don kammala zagayowar aiki. Zagaye ɗaya na aiki yana buƙatar crankshaft ya juya sau biyu, wato, 720°.

Injinan keke masu bugun huɗu sune nau'in da aka fi amfani da su Ƙaramin Injis. Injin bugun huɗu yana kammala bugun biyar a cikin zagaye ɗaya na aiki, ciki har da bugun shiga, bugun matsi, bugun ƙonewa, bugun wutar lantarki da bugun fitar da hayaki.

bugun jini na shiga

Taron shigar da iska yana nufin lokacin da aka gabatar da cakuda iska da mai don cike ɗakin ƙonawa. Wani taron shigar da iska yana faruwa ne lokacin da piston ya motsa daga tsakiyar matacce zuwa tsakiyar matacce na ƙasa kuma bawul ɗin shigar da iska ya buɗe. Motsin piston zuwa tsakiyar matacce na ƙasa yana haifar da ƙarancin matsi a cikin silinda. Matsi na yanayi yana tilasta cakuda iska da mai zuwa cikin silinda ta hanyar bawul ɗin shigar da iska don cike yankin da ke da ƙarancin matsi wanda motsi na piston ya ƙirƙira. Silinda yana ci gaba da cika ɗan kaɗan fiye da tsakiyar matacce na ƙasa yayin da cakuda iska da mai ke ci gaba da gudana tare da inertia kuma piston ya fara canza alkibla. Bayan BDC, bawul ɗin shigar da iska yana buɗewa na wasu matakai na juyawar crankshaft. Ya danganta da ƙirar injin. Sannan bawul ɗin shigar da iska yana rufewa kuma cakuda iska da mai an rufe shi a cikin silinda.

Bugawar Matsi Bugawar matsi shine lokacin da aka matse cakuda iska da mai da aka makale a cikin silinda. An rufe ɗakin konewa don ƙirƙirar caji. Caji shine adadin cakuda iska da mai da aka matse a cikin ɗakin konewa wanda aka shirya don ƙonewa. Matse cakuda iska da mai yana fitar da ƙarin kuzari yayin ƙonewa. Dole ne a rufe bawuloli na shiga da fitarwa don tabbatar da cewa an rufe silinda don samar da matsi. Matsewa tsari ne na rage ko matse cajin a cikin ɗakin konewa daga babban girma zuwa ƙaramin girma. Ƙarfin tashi yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye ƙarfin da ake buƙata don matse cajin.

Idan piston na injin ya matse cajin, ƙaruwar ƙarfin matsi da aikin piston ɗin ke bayarwa yana haifar da samar da zafi. Matsi da dumama tururin iska da mai a cikin cajin yana haifar da ƙaruwar zafin caji da ƙaruwar tururin mai. Ƙarar zafin caji yana faruwa a ko'ina cikin ɗakin ƙonawa don samar da ƙonewa da sauri (haɗakar mai) bayan kunna wuta.

Tururin mai yana ƙaruwa lokacin da ƙananan ɗigon mai suka fara tururi gaba ɗaya saboda zafi da ake samu. Ƙarar faɗin saman ɗigon da aka fallasa ga harshen wuta yana ba da damar ƙonewa gaba ɗaya na caji a cikin ɗakin ƙonewa. Tururin mai ne kawai zai ƙone. Ƙarar faɗin saman ɗigon yana sa fetur ɗin ya fitar da ƙarin tururi maimakon sauran ruwa.

Da zarar an matse ƙwayoyin tururin da aka caji, haka nan ake samun ƙarin kuzari daga tsarin konewa. Ƙarfin da ake buƙata don matse cajin ya yi ƙasa da ribar da ake samu yayin konewa. Misali, a cikin ƙaramin injin da aka saba, ƙarfin da ake buƙata don matse cajin shine kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na kuzarin da ake samarwa yayin konewa.

Rabon matsi na injin shine kwatanta girman ɗakin konewa lokacin da piston ɗin yake a ƙasan cibiyar matsewa da girman ɗakin konewa lokacin da piston ɗin yake a saman cibiyar matsewa. Wannan yanki, tare da ƙira da salon ɗakin konewa, yana ƙayyade rabon matsi. Injin Mais yawanci suna da rabon matsi na 6 zuwa 1 zuwa 10 zuwa 1. Mafi girman rabon matsi, haka injin zai fi amfani da mai. Babban rabon matsi yawanci yana ƙara matsin konewa ko ƙarfin da ke aiki akan piston sosai. Duk da haka, babban rabon matsi yana ƙara ƙoƙarin da mai aiki ke buƙata don kunna injin. Wasu ƙananan injuna suna da tsarin da ke rage matsin lamba yayin bugun matsi don rage ƙoƙarin da mai aiki ke buƙata lokacin kunna injin.

Lamarin ƙonewaLamarin ƙonewa (ƙonewa) yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka kunna caji kuma aka yi oxidize cikin sauri ta hanyar amsawar sinadarai don sakin kuzarin zafi. Konewa wani saurin amsawar sinadarai ne na oxidative wanda man fetur ya haɗu da iskar oxygen ta yanayi kuma ya fitar da makamashi a cikin nau'in zafi.

Konewa mai kyau ya ƙunshi ɗan gajeren lokaci amma ɗan lokaci kaɗan wanda harshen wuta ke yaɗuwa a cikin ɗakin konewa. Wutar da ke kan toshewar walƙiya tana fara konewa lokacin da crankshaft ɗin ke juyawa kimanin digiri 20 kafin tsakiyar saman da ya mutu. Iskar oxygen da tururin mai suna fuskantar gaba suna cinyewa. Gabar harshen wuta ita ce bangon iyaka wanda ke raba cajin da samfuran konewa. Gabar harshen wuta tana ratsa ɗakin konewa har sai an ƙone dukkan cajin.

bugun ƙarfi

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki shine bugun aikin injin wanda iskar gas mai zafi ke turawa kan piston daga kan silinda. Ƙarfin piston da motsi na gaba ana watsa su ta hanyar sandar haɗawa don amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki zuwa ga crankshaft. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi yana fara juyawar crankshaft. Adadin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka samar ana ƙayyade shi ta hanyar matsin lamba akan piston, girman piston da bugun injin. A lokacin bugun wutar lantarki, duka bawuloli suna rufe.

Shakar iskar gas mai ƙarfi yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka fitar da iskar gas mai ƙarfi daga ɗakin ƙonewa aka sake shi zuwa sararin samaniya. Shakar iskar gas mai ƙarfi shine bugun ƙarshe kuma yana faruwa ne lokacin da bawul ɗin shakar ya buɗe kuma bawul ɗin shakar ya rufe. Motsin piston yana fitar da iskar gas mai ƙarfi zuwa sararin samaniya.

Idan piston ya isa tsakiyar ƙasan matacce yayin bugun wutar lantarki, ƙonewa ya cika kuma silinda ta cika da iskar shaye-shaye. Bawul ɗin shaye-shaye yana buɗewa, kuma rashin ƙarfin ƙafafun da sauran sassan motsi suna tura piston ɗin zuwa tsakiyar matacce a sama, wanda ke tilasta iskar shaye-shaye su fita ta cikin bawul ɗin shaye-shaye da aka buɗe. A ƙarshen bugun fitar da iskar shaye-shaye, piston ɗin yana saman tsakiyar matacce kuma an kammala zagayen aiki.