Zithini ii-screwdriver zombane kwaye ungazikhetha njani

Akukho clutch yokhuseleko yalo naluphi na uhlobo kwi isikrudrayiva sombane, ngoko ke ulwakhiwo loomatshini lulula, ukusetyenzwa kulula, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi.

(1) Uhlobo lolawulo olungelulo lwe-torque

Esi sisixhobo sokucima umbane esingesiso ezenzekelayo. Nokuba ukuhlanganiswa kwentambo kugqityiwe okanye akunjalo kumiselwa ngumsebenzisi ngokwawo. Umsebenzisi kufuneka agxile ekujongeni inkqubo yokusebenza. Nangona umsebenzi unzima kwaye unzima, umgangatho wokuhlanganiswa awunakuqinisekiswa. Xa umsebenzisi eqinisekisa ngokwawo ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kugqityiwe, uyawuqhawula umbane ukuze agqibezele umsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yempembelelo yamandla okujikeleza emva kokucima kombane, umngxuma onqamlezileyo okanye isithuba sidla ngokonakala; ukuba umsebenzisi akalumkanga, kulula ukuba imoto ibhuleki ixesha elide, nto leyo enciphisa ubomi bemoto kunye neswitshi yesixhobo. Olu hlobo lwesixhobo lwalusetyenziselwa izikrufu zomthi ezinokusasazwa okukhulu kwiintsuku zokuqala, kwaye isantya se-spindle akufuneki sibe phezulu. Kutshanje, ngokusisiseko asisetyenziswanga. Izinto zokuzalisa ibhegi yokulala

Nangona izinto zokuzalisa zeengxowa zokulala ziquka i-down kunye nekotoni, ngokwembono yokugcina ubushushu, i-down inokugcina ubushushu okungcono, ilula, kulula ukuyisonga nokuyigcina, kwaye yeyona ihlala ixesha elide. Ngoko ke apha sizazisa kakhulu izinto eziphantsi.

I-Down iseyeyona nto ifanelekileyo yokukhusela iingxowa zokulala okwangoku. Izinto eziphantsi zihlala (zingwevu, zimhlophe) zi-goose down okanye zi-duck down (ngokwenene, i-goose down ingcono kune-duck down). Ukusebenza kwayo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nophahla lwe-down esetyenzisiweyo.

Ngethuba lophando, sifumanise ukuba abanye abasebenzisi abangawunakiyo umgangatho basebenzisa Ukubhola kombane nge-spiral bit yokudibanisa izikrufu zomthi kwizixhobo zebhasi. Nangona ixabiso lesixhobo liphantsi, umgangatho wokuhlanganisa awunakulawulwa ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu se-drill yombane, nto leyo ebangele imveliso yenkunkuma. Impindezelo yabonakala ngokukhawuleza: iintloko zezikrufu zakhawuleza zagqwala (kuba umphezulu womngxuma wonakaliswe yi-screwdriver); impahla yabakhweli yanqunyulwa ziintloko zezikrufu (kuba ezinye iintloko zezikrufu zazingahlali kakuhle kwaye zaziphezulu kune-workpiece); imicu yokuhombisa yentsimbi yatsiba okanye yawa (ezinye izikrufu ziqiniswe kakhulu kwaye uqhagamshelo luyasilela); i-handle lever iyakhululeka okanye ivuleka (ezinye iziqhagamshelo ziyasilela). Zonke ezi zinto zifunyanwa ngabantu abadla ngokukhwela iibhasi kunye neebhasi.

(2) Uhlobo lolawulo lwe-torque ye-braking

Kwakhona sisixhobo esingazicimi ngokuzenzekelayo umbane. I-voltage iphezulu, umsinga wokubhuleka mkhulu, kwaye i-torque yokubhuleka nayo inkulu. Emva kokuba igiya incitshisiwe, i-torque yokuhlanganisela imveliso nayo inkulu, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Ingcamango yoyilo lwe .Olu hlobo lwe-screwdriver yombane lusebenzisa i-step-down transformer ukuseta iimpompo ezingaphezulu kunye nokulungisa i-voltage ukulungisa i-assembly torque. Le mveliso isaveliswa apha ekhaya. Ezi zizathu zilandelayo zibonisa ukuba yimodeli engasemva nengafunwayo.

① Kwi-voltage ethile, i-torque yokuqhobosha yemoto ayiguquguquki. Kukho izizathu ezibini. Esinye kukuba ukuqhobosha kwemoto kuyanda ngobushushu. Phantsi kokuqhobosha okufutshane okuphindaphindiweyo, ukunyuka kobushushu bokuqhobosha kutshintsha kakhulu, ngoko ke umsinga wokuqhobosha nawo wahlukile kakhulu, kwaye i-torque yokuqhobosha nayo yahlukile; esesibini kukuba ukuqhobosha kwemoto kuyanda ngobushushu. Yi-torque yokuqhobosha yemoto ye-commutator enxulumene nendawo ye-rotor ngexesha lokuqhobosha. Xa ibhrashi iphakathi kwamacandelo amabini e-commutator, into enye yokuqhobosha iqhobosha yibhrashi kwaye akukho torque iveliswayo. Ngokuchaseneyo, xa kungekho candelo le-commutator eliqhobosha yibhrashi, zonke izinto zokuqhobosha zisebenza ukuvelisa i-torque. Ke ngoko, kunokubonwa ukuba okukhona iipleyiti ze-commutator ezininzi zemoto, kokukhona impembelelo yeendawo ezahlukeneyo ze-rotor kwi-torque yokuqhobosha ngexesha lokuqhobosha iyancipha. Ngelishwa, ii-screwdriver zombane zihlala zisebenzisa ii-DC micro motors ezihlala zihleli. Irotor ayinakuba neendawo ezininzi kwaye isebenzisa ii-commutator blades ezininzi (iindawo ezintathu kunye neebhlade ezintathu zasetyenziswa kwiintsuku zokuqala, kwaye iindawo ezintlanu kunye neebhlade ezintlanu zasetyenziswa kamva. Kule mihla, iindawo ezisixhenxe kunye neebhlade ezisixhenxe zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwamanye amazwe. , kukho neendawo ezisixhenxe kunye neziqwenga ezilishumi elinesine zokunciphisa i-torque pulsation). Kunye nokunyamezela kwe-voltage ye-10% yeeteksi zombane zemizi-mveliso, kunzima kakhulu ukulawula i-torque engaguqukiyo ngale ndlela, oko kukuthi, ukuchaneka kokulawula i-torque kuphantsi kakhulu.

② Ukuqhobosha rhoqo akuyonto eqhelekileyo yokusebenza kweemoto ezincinci zemagnethi ezihlala ixesha elide zeDC. Kuya kubangela ukufudumeza okungaqhelekanga kwemoto kwaye kunciphise ubomi bayo. Ingakumbi ukuba umqhubi uyandisa ixesha lokuqhobosha ngabom okanye ngengozi, impembelelo iya kuba yingozi ngakumbi. ③ Ukuqhawula iswitshi yombane xa injini ibhuleka kuya kuyinciphisa kakhulu ubomi beswitshi. Ngenxa yokuba umbane mkhulu ngexesha lokubhuleka, amandla emagnethi agcinwe kwi-winding inductor makhulu. Xa eqhawukile, la mandla akhutshwa phakathi kwezixhobo zokunxibelelana ngendlela ye-arc. Phuma, ucime izixhobo zokunxibelelana, kwaye uzinyibilikise kwiimeko ezinzima.

④ Ekubeni injini isebenza ngesantya esiphantsi kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba ibhulekiswe, ukusebenza kakuhle kolu hlobo lwe-screwdriver yombane kuhlala kuphantsi. Olu hlobo lwe-screwdriver yombane lungasetyenziselwa iimpawu zoqhagamshelo oluncinci lwe-A, B, C kunye ne-E. I-couplet yohlobo lwe-D kwi-Mc》INtaba

Iipropati zoqhagamshelo nazo ziyafumaneka.

(3) Isikrufu sombane esilawulwayo ngoku

Sisixhobo esinqumla ngokuzenzekelayo umbane. Ngokusekelwe kubudlelwane obuhambelanayo phakathi kwe-electromagnetic torque yemoto kunye nomsinga wemoto, kusekwa indlela yolawulo yokulawula i-assembling torque ye-screwdriver yombane ngokuseta ixabiso lomsinga wemoto. Olu hlobo lwe-screwdriver yombane yayiyeyona mveliso iphambili eTshayina, kodwa phantse ayisaveliswa kutshanje kuba umsebenzi wayo wokulawula uphantsi kakhulu. Abantu abanakuzinceda kodwa bazibuze: Kutheni le ndlela yolawulo iluncedo kangaka kwii-fixed torque wrenches? Le mveliso ivelisiwe kwaye yasetyenziswa, kwaye ukuchaneka kolawulo lomsinga kunokufikelela ±5% FS; kutheni ii-screwdriver zombane ezisandula ukungeniswa nazo ziluhlobo lolawulo lwangoku. Uphando lubonisa ukuba isitshixo sikwinyani yokuba emva kokucima kombane, umsebenzi wenkqubo ejikelezayo ye-screwdriver yombane uguqulwa ube yi-torque eyongezelelweyo engalawulekiyo, ebangela inani elikhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, umlinganiselo wesantya we-reducer ye-screwdriver yombane uncinci, kwaye ukuqinisekisa i-torque ethile yokuqinisa, amandla enjini ahambelanayo awanakuncinci kakhulu (emva kokuguqulwa, i-1500N·Isitshixo se-torque esisisigxina se-m sifuna kuphela amandla alinganiselweyo angama-0.3W, ngelixa i-screwdriver yombane ye-M4 ifuna amandla alinganiselweyo angama-8W ukuze ivelise i-IN·m torque). Ke ngoko, amandla aqhelekileyo okujikeleza athwalwa ngumzuzu wokuhlanganisa iyunithi makhulu, ngoko ke i-torque eyongezelelweyo engalawulekiyo nayo inkulu. Isisombululo kukusebenzisa ngokukhawuleza i-braking edla amandla kwi-motor emva kokuba i-torque ifikelele kwinqanaba kwaye inqumle umbane. Ngeli xesha, i-motor isebenza njenge- Ijenereyitha, ukuguqula uninzi lwamandla e-kinetic enkqubo yokujikeleza ibe ngamandla ombane kwaye asetyenziswe ekufudumaleni kwe-resistor, ngaloo ndlela kwenza ulawulo lungalawuleki. Ukulawula i-torque eyongezelelweyo kuphucula uluhlu lolawulo kunye nokuchaneka kolawulo. Enyanisweni, ii-screwdriver zombane ezilawulwa nguDaniker current (kuquka ii-screwdriver zombane ezizimisayo zokhuseleko eziphezulu ezikhankanyiweyo kamva) zithatha eli nyathelo ukuze zifezekise iimpawu ezilungileyo zolawulo lokuhlanganisa. Esi screwdriver sombane esilawulwa ngumbane esiphuculweyo sinoluhlu olubanzi lolawulo olukhawulezileyo kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu kolawulo olukhawulezileyo. Sifanelekile kwiimpawu zokuhlanganisa ze-A, B, C, kunye ne-E screws ezineemfuno eziphezulu, kwaye sifanelekile nakwii-screws ezihambelana ne-Mc.》Iimpawu zokuhlanganisa uhlobo lweMt D.

Uhlobo lwe-clutch yokhuseleko

Ngokwesiqhelo kufakwa indlela yokukhusela i-clutch kwisiphelo esisezantsi se-electric screwdriver transmission chain. Xa i-transmission torque (oko kukuthi i-assembly torque) idlula ixabiso layo lokuseta, i-clutch iya kukhubeka. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-clutch zokhuseleko, kuquka ne-friction clutches ezifanelekileyo izikrufula zombane (ezazisetyenziswa kwiintsuku zokuqala, kodwa ngoku azisetyenziswa rhoqo ngenxa yokuguguleka okulula, ubushushu, kunye nokusebenza okungazinzanga), ii-clutch zokhuseleko zohlobo lwamazinyo, ii-clutch zokhuseleko zohlobo lwebhola, kunye nee-clutch zokhuseleko zohlobo lwe-roller. i-clutch. Ngenxa yeemfuno kunye nenkqubela yoyilo lwesakhiwo, kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zee-screwdriver zombane (umzekelo, ezinye azibeki i-clutch kwi-shaft kodwa kwi-inner ring gear, kwaye zisebenzisa i-reaction torque ukufezekisa umsebenzi we-clutch yokhuseleko), kwaye zininzi kakhulu ukuba zingakhankanywa. . Kodwa ulwalathiso lophuhliso ngokubanzi kukwenza kube lula, ukwenza lula, ukuphucula kunye nokwandisa inani lamazinyo e-meshing (iibhola, ii-rollers) ukunciphisa i-torque eyongezelelweyo, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kokuhlanganisana, ukwandisa ubomi be-clutch, kunye nokunciphisa ukungcangcazela kwindawo yokunxibelelana phakathi komqhubi kunye nentloko yesixhobo somsebenzi. . Ezinye iimveliso ziza ngeziqwenga ezingama-24, nto leyo eya kwandisa umthwalo womsebenzi wokucubungula. Ezi zixhobo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezilandelayo ngokwemigaqo yazo, imisebenzi, kunye neempawu zazo.s

(1) Uhlobo lwe-clutch olunyanzelekileyo

Sisixhobo sokucima umbane esingesiso ezenzekelayo. Uxinzelelo oluphakathi kwe-clutch halves esebenzayo neqhutywayo luxinzelelo lwe-axial olukhutshwa ngumsebenzisi kwi-screwdriver yombane. Ke ngoko, ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-axial olusetyenzisiweyo lukhulu, i-clutch tripping torque iya kuba nkulu, kwaye i-screw assembly torque nayo iya kuba nkulu. Ngokuchaseneyo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ngokukodwa ukuba xa uxinzelelo lwe-axial lungasuswanga emva kokukhubeka kwaye umbane ungacinywanga, i-clutch iya kudibana rhoqo kwaye ikhubeke kwakhona, nto leyo ebangela impembelelo kunye neempawu ezongezelelweyo ze-torque. Ke ngoko, iziphumo ze-assembly zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwizakhono zomsebenzisi, ngoko ke zifanelekile kuphela kwiimpawu ze-A, B, C, E zohlobo lwe-assembly ngaphandle kweemfuno zokuchaneka. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimpawu ze-D-type kunye ne-F-type ze-Mt > Mc, lo gama nje umsebenzisi enamava aneleyo kunye noxanduva, olu hlobo lwesixhobo lukhetho olufanelekileyo.

(2) Uhlobo lwe-clutch ye-buffer elungisekayo

Sisixhobo sokucima umbane esingesiso ezenzekelayo. Esi sakhiwo sisebenzisa uxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo yoxinzelelo oluhlengahlengiswayo ukuze sithathe indawo yoxinzelelo lwe-axial olukhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla olukhutshwa ngumsebenzisi, ngoko ke i-torque ehlengahlengiswayo inokufumaneka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphindaphindwa kwe-torque yayo eqhaqhazelayo kunye nokulungiswa kwayo kungcono kakhulu kune-clutch enyanzelekileyo, kwaye ayibangeli ukungcangcazela okunamandla kwesixhobo xa siqhaqhazela. Ayinciphisi nje kuphela amandla omsebenzi womsebenzisi, kodwa ikwanciphisa nomonakalo kwi-slot okanye kwi-cross slot kunye nokwaleka kwayo ngenxa yokungcangcazela kwentloko ye-screwdriver. Ke ngoko, lo gama nje umsebenzisi emisa imoto xa i-clutch iqhaqhazela kwaye inciphisa impembelelo ye-torque eyongezelelweyo ye-clutch, i-torque yendibano engaguqukiyo ekufutshane ne-torque eqhaqhazelayo inokufumaneka. Ke ngoko, ingasetyenziselwa i-A, B, C, kunye ne-E-type thread assembly thread assembly conditioner kunye neemfuno ezithile ze-atmospheration torque. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuchaneka kwe-torque eqhaqhazelayo kunye ne-atmospheration torque akuxhomekanga kuphela kwiiparameter zoyilo lwesixhobo kodwa nakwinqanaba lokusebenza komsebenzisi. Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba ukuba isixhobo sigcinwa ngabom kwimeko ye-clutch ephindaphindwayo ixesha elide, i-torque ye-assembly inokufikelela kwi-torque ephindaphindwayo ka-2-3. Ke ngoko, umgangatho we-assembly uxhomekeke kakhulu kwisakhono somqhubi. Abaqhubi abaphezulu banokuhlanganisa iimpawu ze-D-type assembly zeMc>Mt, kwaye banokusebenzisa ithuba lokwahlukana okuphindaphindwayo.

Idityaniswe nokwandiswa okongezelelweyo komzuzu wokudibanisa amalungu aneempawu zohlobo lwe-F. Kakade ke, ukuguguleka kwe-clutch kuya kukhawuleziswa kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwendibano kuya kuncipha.

Olu hlobo lwe-screwdriver yombane lunokwahlulwa lube lolohlobo lohlengahlengiso lwangaphakathi nolohlobo lohlengahlengiso lwangaphandle ngokwendlela yohlengahlengiso loxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo. Uhlobo lohlengahlengiso lwangaphakathi lulula kakhulu, kodwa kunzima ukuvula inxalenye yesigqubuthelo sendlela yokusebenza xa ulungisa uxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo, ngoko ke ngoku alusetyenziswa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwakhiwo lusasetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-screwdriver zombane eziveliswa ekhaya zesigaba esinye. I-nut yohlengahlengiso lwentwasahlobo yohlobo lohlengahlengiso lwangaphandle ingaphandle kwesigqubuthelo, kwaye umqhubi unokuyijika ngokulula ukuze atshintshe uxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo ukuze atshintshe i-torque ekhubekayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ii-screwdriver zombane ezihlala zihleli eziveliswa ekhaya, ngakumbi ii-screwdriver zombane ezisebenza ngebhetri ngobuninzi, ziye zamkela olu hlobo ngokubanzi.

Uhlobo lwe-clutch oluhlengahlengiswayo lokucima umbane

Sisixhobo esinqumla ngokuzenzekelayo umbane. Ngokusekelwe kwi-clutch ye-buffer ehlengahlengiswayo ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ii-position detectors ezifana ne-limit switches kunye ne-photoelectric conversion Ii-Hall transformers zisetyenziselwa ukubona ukufuduka kwe-axial ye-clutch ngexesha lokukhubeka kwaye ziyiguqule ibe ziimpawu zombane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-functional circuit inqumle i-motor. Nika amandla ombane, kwaye wenze i-braking edla amandla ngokukhawuleza ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-clutch ayivelisi i-torque eyongezelelweyo ebangelwa ziimpembelelo ze-clutch eziphindaphindwayo, ukuze i-assembly torque ilingane ngokuchanekileyo ne-tripping torque, kwaye ukuphindaphindwa kwe-assembly torque kufikelela kwi-±3% ukuya kwi-±5%. Ke ngoko, ifanelekile kwiimpawu ze-assembly ze-A, B, C, D (Mc> Mt), E kunye nezinye iintlobo zemisonto ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo. Kwimihla yokuqala, ii-functional circuits ezingentla bezisebenzisa kakhulu ii-relay circuits ezilula. Kutshanje, ii-power electronic circuits ziye zasetyenziswa. Le yokugqibela inexesha lokuphendula elikhawulezayo kwaye ayinazo ii-contacts, ngoko ke isebenza kakuhle kwaye ithembekile kakhulu.

Kwenziwa kanjani khetha isikrudrayiva sombane

Ngenxa yokwahluka kwezihlandlo zokusetyenziswa kunye nezinto zokusebenza, kugqitywe kwelokuba ii-screwdriver zombane kufuneka zibe neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Le yingxaki yokukhetha kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwee-screwdriver zombane ekufuneka isonjululwe. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kumsebenzisi othile, indlela yokuthenga izixhobo zakhe zokuhlanganisa ngokwengqiqo kwiintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zee-screwdriver zombane ngokwembono yokufumaneka, uqoqosho, ingqiqo, njl.njl., ngokusekelwe kwindawo yakhe yokusebenza kunye neempawu zezixhobo eziza kuhlanganiswa, ifuna ukukhethwa.

Ukuqwalasela ulwakhiwo kunye neempawu zomsebenzi, kunye neziganeko zokusetyenziswa ngumsebenzisi, ii-screwdriver zombane zohlobo lwebhetri zihlala zisetyenziselwa iindawo zasekhaya nezemizi-mveliso ezingenambane; kwii-screwdriver zombane ezinamandla amakhulu kunye ne-torque enkulu, ezenziwe zii-series motors, kwinani elikhulu. Ukuze kusetyenziswe phakathi, sebenzisa i-screwdriver yombane ene-voltage ephantsi enombane ophakathi. Ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokusasazekayo, sebenzisa i-screwdriver yombane ene-voltage ephantsi eqhutywa ngabanye okanye i-screwdriver yombane "ene-voltage ephezulu". Ukukhetha imodeli kubaluleke kakhulu kuphando, uyilo kunye nabavelisi. Ukukhetha imodeli okufanelekileyo kunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo abaneentlobo ezimbalwa zeemveliso, kwaye kufezekise iingenelo eziphezulu zoqoqosho nezentlalo; Ngokuchasene noko, kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukuba abasebenzisi bakhethe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-screwdriver zombane ngokweziganeko zabo zokusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zokuhlanganiswa komsebenzi. Ukuthenga okungafanelekanga kuya kubangela ukuba utyalo-mali lungafezekisi isiphumo esifunekayo, okanye luchithwe kuba alunakusetyenziswa kwiindawo zalo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, akufuneki kuphela ukuyila iimveliso ngokweempawu ezahlukeneyo zokuhlanganiswa kwentambo, kodwa nokuqinisa ukuthandwa kolwazi lomsebenzisi kule ndawo.